4. Which best expresses Kant's view?

A. What makes an action right is the extent to which you have thought about it carefully beforehand

B. The end justifies the means

   
C. What makes an action right is the likelihood that it will bring benefit to other people D. There are some actions that are absolutely never justified    
       

(C) looks to the consequences of the act and so is not Kantian.

(B) would be rejected by Kant too: If the revolution involves breaking eggs (i.e. people dying) it shouldn't be pursued.

Kant thinks you have to think about you do, but it's not enough just to think. You have to come up with the right answer, which is to avoid actions which involve inconsistencies. So (A) is not really right.

(D) is the best answer. Kant thinks some actions are ruled out by reason as wrong under any circumstances - eg lying.

 

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