{"id":7389,"date":"2019-05-22T15:56:21","date_gmt":"2019-05-22T15:56:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/biology\/"},"modified":"2019-05-22T15:56:21","modified_gmt":"2019-05-22T15:56:21","slug":"biology","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/biology\/","title":{"rendered":"Biology"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>The branch of science that studies the characteristic mechanisms, processes and phenomena of living organisms from the molecular to the functional levels of organisation. &nbsp;While the boundaries and sub-divisions within it are fluid, it can be depicted as covering biophysics, cellular biology, developmental biology, evolutionary biology, functional biology and molecular biology, and more recently bioinformatics. &nbsp;The introduction of the term &#8216;biology&#8217; is usually accredited to <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ucmp.berkeley.edu\/history\/lamarck.html\" class=\"cc-route-enabled\" target=\"_self\" data-editable-link=\"http:\/\/www.ucmp.berkeley.edu\/history\/lamarck.html&amp;target=_self\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Jean Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet, Chevalier de Lamarck<\/a> (1744-1829), but it also appeared in the same year (1802) in the writings of <a href=\"http:\/\/www.economypoint.org\/g\/gottfried-reinhold-treviranus.html\" class=\"cc-route-enabled\" target=\"_self\" data-editable-link=\"http:\/\/www.economypoint.org\/g\/gottfried-reinhold-treviranus.html&amp;target=_self\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Gottfried Reinhold Treviranus<\/a> (1776-1837). &nbsp;Even earlier claims for having coined the term are assigned to <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC493532\/pdf\/jnnpsyc00221-0001.pdf\" class=\"cc-route-enabled\" target=\"_self\" data-editable-link=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC493532\/pdf\/jnnpsyc00221-0001.pdf&amp;target=_self\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Karl Friedrich Burdach<\/a> (1776-1847) in 1800, and <a href=\"http:\/\/www.whonamedit.com\/doctor.cfm\/3255.html\" class=\"cc-route-enabled\" target=\"_self\" data-editable-link=\"http:\/\/www.whonamedit.com\/doctor.cfm\/3255.html&amp;target=_self\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Michael Christoph Hanov<\/a> (1695-1773) in 1766.<\/p>\n<p>See <a href=\"biochemistry\">Biochemistry<\/a>, <a href=\"bioinformatics\">Bioinformatics<\/a>, <a href=\"biophysics\">Biophysics<\/a>, <a href=\"developmental_biology\">Developmental biology<\/a>, <a href=\"developmental_genetics\">Developmental genetics<\/a>, <a href=\"discipline\">Discipline<\/a>, <a href=\"evolutionary_biology\">Evolutionary biology<\/a>, <a href=\"levels_of_organization\">Levels of organization<\/a>, <a href=\"life_sciences\">Life sciences<\/a>, <a href=\"mechanism\">Mechanism<\/a>, <a href=\"model_systems\">Model systems<\/a>, <a href=\"molecular_biology\">Molecular biology<\/a>, <a href=\"palaeontology\">Palaeontology<\/a>, <a href=\"process\">Process<\/a><\/p>\n<p><\/body><\/html><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The branch of science that studies the characteristic mechanisms, processes and phenomena of living organisms from the molecular to the functional levels of organisation. &nbsp;While the boundaries and sub-divisions within it are fluid, it can be depicted as covering biophysics, cellular biology, developmental biology, evolutionary biology, functional biology and molecular biology, and more recently bioinformatics. &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/biology\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Biology&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[2],"class_list":["post-7389","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-glossary","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7389","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7389"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7389\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7389"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7389"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7389"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}