{"id":7406,"date":"2019-05-22T15:56:32","date_gmt":"2019-05-22T15:56:32","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/brachial_plexus\/"},"modified":"2019-05-22T15:56:32","modified_gmt":"2019-05-22T15:56:32","slug":"brachial_plexus","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/brachial_plexus\/","title":{"rendered":"Brachial plexus"},"content":{"rendered":"

A group of nerves formed from vertebral levels C4-T1 in the spinal cord that are responsible for innervating most of the structures in the upper limb (see figure below).  The majority of brachial plexus injuries occur during delivery through the birth canal.  Most newborns with such injuries are larger than average at birth, although the damage can happen even with preterm infants.  The injury can be a consequence of the newborn’s shoulder becoming impacted, resulting in the brachial nerves being stretched or torn (referred to as shoulder dystocia), and possibly Erb-Duchenne palsy<\/a> (sometimes referred to as pediatric brachial palsy in children).  It occurs in about 2 in 1,000 newborns, with about 1 in 10 requiring surgical treatment.  One of the best known victims is Kaiser Willem II<\/a> (1859-1941).  One of the treatments he was subjected to is depicted the other figure below.  <\/p>\n

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Brachial plexus and its axons<\/p>\n

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Brace-like contraption, designed by his mother (Victoria, daughter of Queen Victoria), to treat Kaiser Wilhelm (4 years of age) for his Erb-Duschenne palsy by rotating his head to left (thus stretching neck muscles on right) to prevent it tilting down to the right and enable him to turn it.  He eventually recovered full use of his left hand.  Drawing made by his mother.<\/p>\n

See Lumbosacral plexus<\/a>, Plexus<\/a>, Preterm infant<\/a>, Spinal cord<\/p>\n

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A group of nerves formed from vertebral levels C4-T1 in the spinal cord that are responsible for innervating most of the structures in the upper limb (see figure below).  The majority of brachial plexus injuries occur during delivery through the birth canal.  Most newborns with such injuries are larger than average at birth, although the … <\/p>\n

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