{"id":7509,"date":"2019-05-22T15:57:39","date_gmt":"2019-05-22T15:57:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/closed-class_words\/"},"modified":"2019-05-22T15:57:39","modified_gmt":"2019-05-22T15:57:39","slug":"closed-class_words","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/closed-class_words\/","title":{"rendered":"Closed-class words"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>A grammatical class of words with limited membership, which have primarily grammatical meaning such as conjunctions (a word conjoining words or phrases or clauses or sentences whose usage increases at 5 years-of-age), demonstratives (a word indicating to which objects a sentence is referring to, with English having four: this, that, these and those), determiners (one of a limited set of noun modifiers determining the referents of noun phrases that are ideal for teaching children labels), pronouns (a word used in place of a noun or noun phrase, with most children using them by 30 months), and auxiliary verbs (a verb that provides further information about a main verb that follows it, but which under certain circumstances can become the main verb as in &#8220;I am mending a puncture&#8221;). &nbsp;The closed class is considered to be part of the core language, and as such is not expected to change, in contrast to open words. &nbsp;Also known as a function word.<\/p>\n<p>See <a href=\"grammaticization_-or_grammaticalization-\">Grammaticization (or grammaticalization)<\/a>, <a href=\"language_development\">Language development<\/a>, <a href=\"open-class_words\">Open-class words<\/a>, Syntax<\/p>\n<p><\/body><\/html><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A grammatical class of words with limited membership, which have primarily grammatical meaning such as conjunctions (a word conjoining words or phrases or clauses or sentences whose usage increases at 5 years-of-age), demonstratives (a word indicating to which objects a sentence is referring to, with English having four: this, that, these and those), determiners (one &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/closed-class_words\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Closed-class words&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[2],"class_list":["post-7509","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-glossary","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7509","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7509"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7509\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7509"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7509"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7509"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}