{"id":7570,"date":"2019-05-22T15:58:18","date_gmt":"2019-05-22T15:58:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/connectionist_models\/"},"modified":"2019-05-22T15:58:18","modified_gmt":"2019-05-22T15:58:18","slug":"connectionist_models","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/connectionist_models\/","title":{"rendered":"Connectionist models"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>A class of computational models that consist of a number of interconnected simple processing units. &nbsp;Often the units are arranged in several layers. &nbsp;Connectionist models learn from experience, and have been used to explain several aspects of infant cognitive and behavioral development, as well as developmental disorders. &nbsp;In addition, connectionist models and neural networks have given rise to computational neuroscience, another example of a new emerging interdiscipline that draws on computer science, neuroscience and applied mathematics to gain sights into the functioning of the nervous system. &nbsp;The origins of computational neuroscience reside in the work <a href=\"http:\/\/www.sfn.org\/skins\/main\/pdf\/history_of_neuroscience\/hon_vol_1\/c8.pdf\" class=\"cc-route-enabled\" data-editable-link=\"http:\/\/www.sfn.org\/skins\/main\/pdf\/history_of_neuroscience\/hon_vol_1\/c8.pdf&amp;target=_self\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Alan L. Hodgkin<\/a> (1914-1998) and <a href=\"http:\/\/www.sfn.org\/skins\/main\/pdf\/history_of_neuroscience\/hon_vol_4\/c8.pdf\" class=\"cc-route-enabled\" data-editable-link=\"http:\/\/www.sfn.org\/skins\/main\/pdf\/history_of_neuroscience\/hon_vol_4\/c8.pdf&amp;target=_self\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Andrew F. Huxley<\/a> in deriving the first mathematical model of the action potential for which they received the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1963 (together with <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nobelprize.org\/nobel_prizes\/medicine\/laureates\/1963\/eccles-bio.html\" class=\"cc-route-enabled\" data-editable-link=\"http:\/\/www.nobelprize.org\/nobel_prizes\/medicine\/laureates\/1963\/eccles-bio.html&amp;target=_self\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">John C. Eccles<\/a>, 1903-1997). &nbsp;As a term, connectionism was first mentioned by <a href=\"http:\/\/muskingum.edu\/~psych\/psycweb\/history\/thorndike.htm\" class=\"cc-route-enabled\" data-editable-link=\"http:\/\/muskingum.edu\/~psych\/psycweb\/history\/thorndike.htm&amp;target=_self\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Edward Lee Thorndike<\/a> (1874-1949) in 1898 with regard to the way in which cats learn by means of incremental stages.<\/p>\n<p>See <a href=\"action_potential\">Action potential<\/a>, <a href=\"activation_-in_a_connectionist_model-\">Activation (in a connectionist model)<\/a>, <a href=\"activity-dependent_organization\">Activity-dependent organization<\/a>, Artificial intelligence, <a href=\"auto-encoder_networks\">Auto-encoder networks<\/a>, Backprogagation, Cognitive-functional approach, <a href=\"computational_models\">Computational models<\/a>, <a href=\"connectionism\">Connectionism<\/a>, <a href=\"interdiscipline\">Interdiscipline<\/a>, <a href=\"neural_net\">Neural net<\/a>, Neuroconstructivist theories, <a href=\"non-linear_associator\">Non-linear associator<\/a>, <a href=\"on-line_emergence\">On-line emergence<\/a>, <a href=\"phonological_pathway\">Phonological pathway<\/a>, <a href=\"processing_units\">Processing units<\/a><\/p>\n<p><\/body><\/html><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A class of computational models that consist of a number of interconnected simple processing units. &nbsp;Often the units are arranged in several layers. &nbsp;Connectionist models learn from experience, and have been used to explain several aspects of infant cognitive and behavioral development, as well as developmental disorders. &nbsp;In addition, connectionist models and neural networks have &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/connectionist_models\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Connectionist models&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[2],"class_list":["post-7570","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-glossary","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7570","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7570"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7570\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7570"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7570"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7570"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}