{"id":8013,"date":"2019-05-22T16:03:05","date_gmt":"2019-05-22T16:03:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/fundamental_frequency_-f\/"},"modified":"2019-05-22T16:03:05","modified_gmt":"2019-05-22T16:03:05","slug":"fundamental_frequency_-f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/fundamental_frequency_-f\/","title":{"rendered":"Fundamental frequency (F\u2080)"},"content":{"rendered":"

The lowest frequency (first harmonic) of a periodic signal, such as the tone of the human voice.  The partials above the fundamental frequency are called harmonics of the fundamental frequency, and the class of sound harmonic.  Harmonic sounds are periodic, with their period being the same as its fundamental, and they have a definite pitch.  Such sounds are relatively rare in the natural environment, but most musical instruments are designed to produce harmonic or near harmonic sounds.  A recent (US) study<\/a> of healthy fullterm infants (about 4-10 months) and children with severe-to-profound hearing loss (about 25-30 months) revealed no significant changes in F\u2080 with improvements in pre-language non-distressed vocal development in the fullterm infants.  The hearing loss infants presented with a higher F\u2080 variability, regardless of age.  The findings suggested that the development  of F\u2080 may  be dependent on audition.  In another (Japanese) study<\/a>, healthy infants and their parents were followed-up from the infant’s birth until about 5 years.  Here, it was found that  the infant’s F\u2080 decreases with age, the apparent difference with the US sample possibly due to differences in the linguistic rearing environment and methodology.  The Japanese study also reported that parental F\u2080 is high when using infant-directed speech before the onset of two-word utterances.  After the emergence of the utterances, parental F\u2080 decreases and more or less attains the same value as that for adult-directed speech.  The F\u2080 of the cries made by newborns and infants with various medical problems have been examined for their diagnostic and prognostic value for a number years.  Despite many studies, there is as yet no unanimous agreement as to its value in this respect.                <\/p>\n

See Adolescent voice change<\/a>, Crying<\/a>, Frequency<\/a>, Intensity<\/a>, Larynx<\/a>, Pitch<\/a>, Vocalic resonance<\/a><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

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The lowest frequency (first harmonic) of a periodic signal, such as the tone of the human voice.  The partials above the fundamental frequency are called harmonics of the fundamental frequency, and the class of sound harmonic.  Harmonic sounds are periodic, with their period being the same as its fundamental, and they have a definite pitch. … <\/p>\n

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