{"id":8133,"date":"2019-05-22T16:04:23","date_gmt":"2019-05-22T16:04:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/hierarchical_models_of_motor_control\/"},"modified":"2019-05-22T16:04:23","modified_gmt":"2019-05-22T16:04:23","slug":"hierarchical_models_of_motor_control","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/hierarchical_models_of_motor_control\/","title":{"rendered":"Hierarchical models of motor control"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>There are a number of such models concerned with the control of movements and postures. &nbsp;The oldest, and one that incorporates the cortical inhibition (of reflexes) hypothesis, involves a distinction between higher (e.g., cortical) and lower (e.g., sub-cortical) levels of control. &nbsp;In this, and subsequent neurologically-based models, the main assumption is that movement planning and execution are controlled by one of more cortical centers. &nbsp;Then there are engineering-based models that include close-loop or open-loop (or both) forms of control as well as motor programs that are a source of prestructured sets of motor commands issued at higher levels and sent to low centers for execution in terms of movement and postural control. &nbsp;Such models rely heavily on variants of information-processing theories, theories that have been the butt of criticisms made by adherents of dynamical systems approaches. &nbsp;Such approaches tend not to subscribe to notions of hierarchical control, but rather <a href=\"http:\/\/www.vordenker.de\/heterarchy\/a_heterarchy-e.pdf\" target=\"_self\" data-editable-link=\"http:\/\/www.vordenker.de\/heterarchy\/a_heterarchy-e.pdf&amp;target=_self\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">heterarchical<\/a> (or distributed) forms of control &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>See <a href=\"closed-loop_and_open-loop_control\">Closed-loop and open-loop control<\/a>, <a href=\"cortical_inhibition_hypothesis\">Cortical inhibition hypothesis<\/a>, <a href=\"dynamical_systems_approaches\">Dynamical systems approaches<\/a>, <a href=\"hierarchy\">Hierarchy<\/a>, <a href=\"information-processing_theories\">Information-processing theories<\/a>, <a href=\"motor_control\">Motor control<\/a>, <a href=\"multilayered\">Multilayered<\/a>, <a href=\"postural_control\">Postural control<\/a>, <a href=\"reflexology\">Reflexology<\/a><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><\/body><\/html><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>There are a number of such models concerned with the control of movements and postures. &nbsp;The oldest, and one that incorporates the cortical inhibition (of reflexes) hypothesis, involves a distinction between higher (e.g., cortical) and lower (e.g., sub-cortical) levels of control. &nbsp;In this, and subsequent neurologically-based models, the main assumption is that movement planning and &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/hierarchical_models_of_motor_control\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Hierarchical models of motor control&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[2],"class_list":["post-8133","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-glossary","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8133","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8133"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8133\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8133"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8133"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8133"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}