{"id":8831,"date":"2019-05-22T16:11:59","date_gmt":"2019-05-22T16:11:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/prion_-proteinaceous_infectious_particle\/"},"modified":"2019-05-22T16:11:59","modified_gmt":"2019-05-22T16:11:59","slug":"prion_-proteinaceous_infectious_particle","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/prion_-proteinaceous_infectious_particle\/","title":{"rendered":"Prion (proteinaceous infectious particle)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Abnormal or &nbsp;malformed (or misfolded) version of normal cellular proteins that is believed to play a role in various neurological disorders in humans (e.g.,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bjaed\/article\/13\/4\/119\/345195\" data-editable-link=\"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bjaed\/article\/13\/4\/119\/345195?target=_self\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease<\/a>) and in animals such as sheep (scrapie) and cattle (bovine spongiform encephalopathy). &nbsp;A hundred times smaller than a virus, it is neither a virus nor a bacterium and does not contain nucleic acid, yet nevertheless can self-replicate. &nbsp;In humans, the&nbsp;disease can be sporadic, inherited or acquired. &nbsp;Most cases are sporadic in nature in that they arise spontaneously without any known cause. &nbsp;For sporadic CJD, the incidence about 1 in 1 million per year. &nbsp;It can be localised to specific populations (e.g.,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ninds.nih.gov\/disorders\/all-disorders\/kuru-information-page\" data-editable-link=\"https:\/\/www.ninds.nih.gov\/disorders\/all-disorders\/kuru-information-page?target=_self\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">kuru<\/a>)&nbsp;. &nbsp;The disease can in very rare cases have an onset during&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamaneurology\/fullarticle\/791739\" data-editable-link=\"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamaneurology\/fullarticle\/791739?target=_self\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">childhood<\/a>&nbsp;via familial inheritance. &nbsp;There is no know treatment. &nbsp;The term &#8216;prion&#8217; was coined by&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nobelprize.org\/nobel_prizes\/medicine\/laureates\/1997\/prusiner-bio.html\" target=\"_self\" data-editable-link=\"https:\/\/www.nobelprize.org\/nobel_prizes\/medicine\/laureates\/1997\/prusiner-bio.html?target=_self\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Stanley B. Pruisiner<\/a>&nbsp;in 1982. . &nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>See <a href=\"alzheimer-s_disease\">Alzheimer&#8217;s disease<\/a>, <a href=\"nucleic_acid\">Nucleic acid<\/a>, Protein folding problem, <a href=\"proteins\">Proteins<\/a><\/p>\n<p><\/body><\/html><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Abnormal or &nbsp;malformed (or misfolded) version of normal cellular proteins that is believed to play a role in various neurological disorders in humans (e.g.,&nbsp;Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease) and in animals such as sheep (scrapie) and cattle (bovine spongiform encephalopathy). &nbsp;A hundred times smaller than a virus, it is neither a virus nor a bacterium and does not &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/prion_-proteinaceous_infectious_particle\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Prion (proteinaceous infectious particle)&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[2],"class_list":["post-8831","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-glossary","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8831","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8831"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8831\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8831"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8831"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lancaster.ac.uk\/fas\/psych\/glossary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8831"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}