cover page [ next page ] [ AK5.1 index ]

HEDGEHOGS_NN2 BY_II <name key="Ann Kirkby">

<gap desc="imported material">

page 1 [ next page ] [ previous page ] [ AK5.1 index ]

contents_NN2

page 2 [ next page ] [ previous page ] [ AK5.1 index ]

Contents_NN2

page 3 [ next page ] [ previous page ] [ AK5.1 index ]

<note desc="text written on margin tab"> introduction_NN1 </note>

page 4 [ next page ] [ previous page ] [ AK5.1 index ]

<chpb desc="1">

Introduction_NN1

My_APPGE project_NN1 is_VBZ on_II <sic> hedge-hogs_NN2 </sic> ,_, My_APPGE Grandma_NN1 gets_VVZ <reg> hedgehogs_NN2 </reg> every_AT1 <reg> year_NNT1 </reg> and_CC I_PPIS1 sometimes_RT watch_VV0 them_PPHO2 walking_VVG about_II her_APPGE compost_NN1 heap_NN1 ._.

Hedgehogs_NN2 By_II <name key="ANN Kirkby"> ._.

page 5 [ next page ] [ previous page ] [ AK5.1 index ]

<chpb desc="2">

Key_JJ facts_NN2 ._.

<gap desc="figure">

Sizes_NN2

<reg> Length_NN1 </reg> :_: 20-30cm_NN1

<reg> Weight_NN1 </reg> :_: Average_JJ 700g_NNU ._.

<gap desc="figure">

Breeding_NN1

Sexual_JJ maturity_NN1 :_: 11_MC months_NNT2

Mating_NN1 :_: April-August_NPM1 ._.

Gestation_NN1 :_: About_RG 32_MC days_NNT2 ._.

NO_UH ._. Of_IO young_JJ :_: up_RG21 to_RG22 7_MC but_CCB usually_RR 4_MC or_CC 5_MC ._.

<gap desc="figure">

Related_JJ Species_NN

There_EX are_VBR 12_MC species_NN of_IO hedgehog_NN1 found_VVN in_II Europe_NP1 ,_, Asia_NP1 and_CC Africa_NP1 ._. They_PPHS2 differ_VV0 only_RR slightly_RR in_II appearance_NN1 and_CC <reg> habits_NN2 </reg> ._.

<gap desc="figure">

Life_NN1 style_NN1 ._.

<reg> Habit_NN1 </reg> :_: night-active_JJ and_CC solitary_JJ ._.

Diet_NN1 :_: <reg> Caterpillars_NN2 </reg> ,_, beetles_NN2 ,_, earthworms_NN2 ,_, slugs_NN2 ,_, young_JJ mice_NN2 and_CC fruit_NN ._.

Call_VV0 :_: snuffling_VVG noises_NN2 while_CS foraging_VVG ._. These_DD2 are_VBR louder_JJR when_CS the_AT <reg> hedgehog_NN1 is_VBZ </reg> mating_JJ and_CC when_CS it_PPH1 is_VBZ disturbed_VVN

Life_NN1 Span_NN1 :_: can_VM live_VVI up_RG21 to_RG22 6_MC years_NNT2

page 6 [ next page ] [ previous page ] [ AK5.1 index ]

<chpb desc="3">

DID_VDD YOU_PPY KNOW_VVI

There_EX may_VM be_VBI up_RG21 to_RG22 500_MC fleas_NN2 on_II one_MC1 hedgehog_NN1 but_CCB the_AT specific_JJ hedgehog_NN1 flea_NN1 (_( Archaeopsylla_NP1 erinacei_NN2 )_) rarely_RR bites_VVZ humans_NN2 ._.

When_CS stimulated_VVN by_II a_AT1 strong_JJ smell_NN1 or_CC taste_NN1 ,_, the_AT hedgehog_NN1 may_VM "_" self-anoint_NN1 "_" ,_, or_CC cover_VV0 its_APPGE prickles_NN2 in_II foamy_JJ saliva_NN1 ._. No_PN121 one_PN122 is_VBZ certain_JJ why_RRQ it_PPH1 <reg> does_VDZ </reg> this_DD1 ._.

<sic> Hedgehog_NN1 </sic> are_VBR thought_VVN to_TO <reg> carry_VVI </reg> apples_NN2 that_CST fall_VV0 on_II <reg> their_APPGE </reg> spines_NN2 but_CCB hedgehogs_NN2 do_VD0 nt_XX often_RR eat_VVI fruit_NN NOW_RT ._.

People_NN used_VMK to_TO <reg> believe_VVI </reg> stories_NN2 that_CST told_VVD how_RRQ hedgehogs_NN2 could_VM suck_VVI milk_NN1 from_II cows_NN2 ._. Hedgehogs_NN2 like_II milk_NN1 and_CC perhaps_RR people_NN <reg> believed_VVD </reg> these_DD2 stories_NN2 because_CS they_PPHS2 often_RR saw_VVD hedgehogs_NN2 <reg> near_II </reg> cow_NN1 sheds_NN2 ._.

page 7 [ next page ] [ previous page ] [ AK5.1 index ]

<chpb desc="4">

DID_VDD YOU_PPY KNOW_VVI ?_?

Did_VDD you_PPY know_VVI that_CST hedgehogs_NN2 do_VD0 nt_XX like_VVI company_NN1 <reg> much_RR </reg>

Did_VDD you_PPY know_VVI that_CST hedgehogs_NN2 have_VH0 been_VBN around_RP for_IF 15_MC million_NNO years_NNT2 ._.

Did_VDD you_PPY know_VVI that_CST <reg> hedgehogs_NN2 </reg> <note desc="word/s or punctuation missing?"> small_JJ bright_JJ eyes_NN2 but_CCB cant_NN1 see_VV0 very_RG well_RR

Did_VDD you_PPY know_VVI that_DD1 Female_JJ <sic> hedgehog_NN1 </sic> have_VH0 2_MC litters_VVZ every_AT1 Year_NNT1 ._.

Did_VDD you_PPY know_VVI that_CST <reg> hedgehogs_NN2 </reg> can_VM swim_VVI across_II small_JJ Ponds_NN2

page 8 [ next page ] [ previous page ] [ AK5.1 index ]

<note desc="text written on margin tab"> Breeding_NN1 </note>

page 9 [ next page ] [ previous page ] [ AK5.1 index ]

<chpb desc="7">

<chpb desc="5">

BREEDING_NN1 ._.

Loud_RR snuffling_VVG noises_NN2 in_II the_AT dead_JJ of_IO night_NNT1 from_II April_NPM1 to_II August_NPM1 may_VM well_RR be_VBI the_AT sound_NN1 of_IO hedgehogs_NN2 mating_VVG ._. The_AT male_JJ circles_NN2 the_AT female_NN1 sometimes_RT for_IF hours_NNT2 ,_, to_TO persuade_VVI her_PPHO1 to_TO mate_VVI ._. Then_RT ,_, afterwards_RT ,_, the_AT two_MC hedgehogs_NN2 separate_VV0 and_CC the_AT male_NN1 takes_VVZ no_AT part_NN1 in_II rearing_VVG the_AT family_NN1 ._. The_AT hedgehog_NN1 young_JJ are_VBR born_VVN after_CS about_RG 32_MC days_NNT2 in_II a_AT1 special_JJ "_" maternity_NN1 "_" <reg> nest_NN1 </reg> ._. Late_JJ litters_NN2 born_VVN in_II September_NPM1 ,_, seldom_RR survive_VV0 their_APPGE first_MD winter_NNT1

Blind_JJ until_CS they_PPHS2 are_VBR two_MC weeks_NNT2 old_JJ ,_, the_AT young_JJ are_VBR able_JK to_TO hunt_VVI entirely_RR for_IF themselves_PPX2 ._. After_CS about_RG four_MC weeks_NNT2 <sic> she_PPHS1 </sic> takes_VVZ them_PPHO2 on_II their_APPGE first_MD foraging_VVG trip_NN1 out_II21 of_II22 the_AT nest_NN1 and_CC some_DD ten_MC days_NNT2 later_RRR ,_, the_AT family_NN1 separates_VVZ ._.

page 10 [ next page ] [ previous page ] [ AK5.1 index ]

<chpb desc="8">

<chpb desc="6">

HEDGEHOG_NN1 FAMILES_NN2 ._.

When_CS baby_NN1 <sic> hedgehog_NN1 </sic> are_VBR first_MD born_VVN <reg> their_APPGE </reg> spines_NN2 are_VBR rubbery_JJ not_XX sharp_RR ,_, and_CC <sic> the_AT </sic> are_VBR also_RR covered_VVN in_II <reg> white_JJ </reg> <reg> skin_NN1 </reg> this_DD1 is_VBZ to_TO protect_VVI the_AT mother_NN1 at_II <reg> birth_NN1 ._. <reg> ._.

A_AT1 new_JJ born_JJ hedgehog_NN1 is_VBZ blind_JJ and_CC helpless_JJ ._. A_AT1 few_DA2 <reg> hours_NNT2 </reg> after_II birth_NN1 ,_, white_JJ spines_NN2 start_VV0 to_TO poke_VVI out_RP <reg> though_CS </reg> its_APPGE skin_NN1 ._. As_II the_AT hedgehog_NN1 grows_VVZ the_AT dark_JJ spines_NN2 start_VV0 to_TO appear_VVI ._.

When_CS a_AT1 baby_NN1 hedgehog_NN1 is_VBZ <reg> about_RG </reg> 3_MC weeks_NNT2 old_JJ ,_, the_AT mother_NN1 takes_VVZ <sic> them_PPHO2 </sic> on_II a_AT1 short_JJ trip_NN1 away_II21 from_II22 the_AT nest_NN1 ._. They_PPHS2 learn_VV0 how_RRQ to_TO hunt_VVI for_IF food_NN1 by_II watching_VVG <reg> their_APPGE </reg> mother_NN1 ._.

When_CS the_AT baby_NN1 <sic> hedgehog_NN1 are_VBR </sic> between_II four_MC and_CC six_MC weeks_NNT2 old_JJ ,_, the_AT mother_NN1 raises_VVZ <reg> her_APPGE </reg> spines_NN2 so_CS21 that_CS22 the_AT <sic> hedgehog_NN1 </sic> can_VM not_XX feed_VVI from_II her_APPGE milk_NN1 ._. Then_RT the_AT hedgehogs_NN2 Leave_VV0 their_APPGE mother_NN1 and_CC begin_VV0 to_TO live_VVI on_II <reg> their_APPGE </reg> own_DA ._.

<gap desc="figure">

page 11 [ next page ] [ previous page ] [ AK5.1 index ]

<note desc="text written on margin tab"> Life_NN1 style_NN1 </note>

page 12 [ next page ] [ previous page ] [ AK5.1 index ]

<chpb desc="9">

<chpb desc="7">

A_AT1 night_NNT1 on_II the_AT prowl_NN1

Hedgehogs_NN2 <note desc="word/s missing?"> a_AT1 trotting_JJ walk_NN1 and_CC are_VBR most_RGT active_JJ between_II the_AT hours_NNT2 of_IO sunset_NN1 and_CC late_JJ evening_NNT1 ._. Hedgehogs_NN2 are_VBR more_RGR active_JJ than_CSN we_PPIS2 think_VV0 and_CC they_PPHS2 can_VM <reg> travel_VVI </reg> a_AT1 great_JJ distance_NN1 in_II 7_MC <reg> hours_NNT2 </reg> or_CC so_RR ._.

The_AT map_NN1 below_II <reg> shows_NN2 </reg> where_RRQ the_AT hedgehog_NN1 started_VVD out_RP and_CC where_CS it_PPH1 ends_VVZ the_AT route_NN1 ._. <gap desc="downward arrow">

Map_NN1

<gap desc="figure">

<reg> finish_VV0 </reg> nest_NN1

start_VV0 nest_NN1

<gap desc="colour key"> Hedgehog_NN1 trail_NN1

<gap desc="colour key"> fields/gardens_NN2

<gap desc="colour key"> Houses/farms_NN2

<gap desc="colour key"> River_NNL1 Bank_NP1

<gap desc="colour key"> <sic> road_NN1 ways_NN2 </sic>

page 13 [ next page ] [ previous page ] [ AK5.1 index ]

<chpb desc="10">

<chpb desc="8">

food_NN1

<reg> Hedgehogs_NN2 </reg> diet_NN1 is_VBZ made_VVN up_RP from_II all_DB sorts_NN2 of_IO insects_NN2 ,_, molluscs_NN2 such_II21 as_II22 slugs_NN2 ,_, snails_NN2 ,_, frogs_NN2 ,_, small_JJ rodents_NN2 and_CC an_AT1 occasional_JJ snake_NN1 ._. The_AT hedgehog_NN1 is_VBZ mainly_RR carnivorous_JJ and_CC will_VM not_XX worry_VVI <reg> about_II </reg> tackling_VVG a_AT1 snake_NN1 ._. The_AT snake_NN1 will_VM find_VVI it_PPH1 hard_RR to_TO defend_VVI <reg> itself_PPX1 </reg> because_II21 of_II22 the_AT <sic> hedge_NN1 hog_NN1 </sic> spines_NN2 ._. Even_CS21 if_CS22 the_AT <sic> hedge_NN1 hog_NN1 </sic> gets_VVZ bitten_VVN it_PPH1 <reg> does_VDZ nt_XX </reg> matter_VVI as_CSA its_APPGE <reg> immune_JJ </reg> to_II the_AT <reg> snakes_NN2 </reg> venom_NN1 ._. The_AT hedgehog_NN1 hunts_VVZ after_II dark_NN1 it_PPH1 <reg> searches_VVZ </reg> for_IF invertebrates_NN2 and_CC as_CSA there_EX are_VBR more_RRR <reg> about_RP </reg> at_II night_NNT1 this_DD1 <sic> propely_RR </sic> explains_VVZ why_RRQ the_AT hedgehog_NN1 is_VBZ nocturnal_JJ ._.

Earthworms_NN2 ,_, millipedes_NN2 and_CC earwigs_NN2 are_VBR also_RR a_AT1 <reg> favourite_JJ </reg> food_NN1 of_IO the_AT hedgehog_NN1 ._. The_AT hedgehog_NN1 is_VBZ called_VVN the_AT <reg> gardeners_NN2 </reg> friend_NN1 because_CS it_PPH1 eats_VVZ so_RG many_DA2 pests_NN2 in_II its_APPGE diet_NN1 ._. Hedgehogs_NN2 often_RR raid_VV0 mouse_NN1 <sic> nest_NN1 </sic> and_CC feed_VV0 on_II baby_NN1 mice_NN2 ._. They_PPHS2 eat_VV0 small_JJ dead_JJ animals_NN2 and_CC soft_JJ <reg> fruit_NN </reg> in_II Autumn_NNT1 ._. Hedgehogs_NN2 also_RR eat_VV0 cat_NN1 and_CC dog_NN1 food_NN1 put_VVD out_RP by_II the_AT owners_NN2 in_II towns_NN2 and_CC villages_NN2 ._. people_NN tend_VV0 to_TO put_VVI milk_NN1 and_CC bread_NN1 out_RP in_II their_APPGE gardens_NN2 to_TO feed_VVI hedgehogs_NN2 if_CS they_PPHS2 notice_VV0 them_PPHO2 ._. This_DD1 food_NN1 and_CC milk_NN1 <sic> produces_VVZ </sic> hedgehogs_NN2 with_IW a_AT1 source_NN1 of_IO liquid_NN1 in_II dry_JJ weather_NN1 ._.

This_DD1 extra_JJ food_NN1 is_VBZ essential_JJ in_II Autumn_NNT1 to_TO help_VVI underweight_JJ babies_NN2 put_VV0 a_AT1 layer_NN1 of_IO fat_NN1 on_II21 to_II22 survive_VV0 the_AT winters_NNT2 ._. It_PPH1 is_VBZ dangerous_JJ to_TO feed_VVI the_AT hedgehogs_NN2 on_II this_DD1 all_DB the_AT time_NNT1 as_CSA it_PPH1 gives_VVZ them_PPHO2 <reg> diahorrea_NN1 </reg> as_II the_AT cows_NN2 milk_NN1 can_VM not_XX be_VBI digested_VVN and_CC upsets_VVZ the_AT intestines_NN2 ._. This_DD1 is_VBZ especially_RR dangerous_JJ for_IF baby_NN1 hedgehogs_NN2 ._. In_II the_AT summer_NNT1 hedgehogs_NN2 eat_VV0 lots_PN of_IO food_NN1 ready_JJ for_IF the_AT winter_NNT1 ._. Many_DA2 hedgehogs_NN2 die_VV0 in_II winter_NNT1 because_CS they_PPHS2 cant_JJ find_VV0 <reg> enough_DD </reg> food_NN1

<gap desc="figure">

page 14 [ next page ] [ previous page ] [ AK5.1 index ]

<chpb desc="11">

<chpb desc="9">

Staying_VVG alive_JJ ._.

A_AT1 hedgehog_NN1 uses_VVZ its_APPGE spines_NN2 to_TO protect_VVI <reg> itself_PPX1 </reg> from_II other_JJ animals_NN2 ._. It_PPH1 protects_VVZ <reg> itself_PPX1 </reg> by_II rolling_VVG its_APPGE self_NN1 in_RP to_II a_AT1 <reg> tight_JJ </reg> ball_NN1 ._. The_AT <reg> crisscrossed_JJ </reg> <reg> pattern_NN1 </reg> of_IO prickles_NN2 <reg> stops_VVZ </reg> other_JJ animals_NN2 from_II trying_VVG to_TO eat_VVI <sic> her_PPHO1 </sic> ._.

The_AT hedgehog_NN1 <reg> stays_VVZ </reg> still_RR until_CS the_AT other_JJ <reg> animals_NN2 </reg> nose_NN1 is_VBZ <reg> over_II </reg> her_PPHO1 then_RT jumps_VVZ up_RP and_CC <reg> stabs_VVZ </reg> them_PPHO2 in_II the_AT nose_NN1 ._. Curling_VVG up_RP <reg> does_VDZ </reg> not_XX protect_VVI hedgehogs_NN2 from_II cars_NN2 or_CC lawn_NN1 mowers_NN2 ._.

<gap desc="figure">

page 15 [ next page ] [ previous page ] [ AK5.1 index ]

<chpb desc="12">

<chpb desc="10">

Hedgehog_NN1 and_CC MAN_NN1 ._.

Gamekeepers_NN2 used_VMK to_TO kill_VVI all_DB the_AT hedgehogs_NN2 they_PPHS2 found_VVD ,_, because_CS the_AT animals_NN2 were_VBDR known_VVN to_TO eat_VVI birds_NN2 eggs_NN2 ._. Today_RT ,_, hedgehogs_NN2 die_VV0 in_II their_APPGE thousands_NNO2 on_II the_AT road_NN1 ._.

Sometimes_RT the_AT hedgehogs_NN2 choice_NN1 of_IO nesting_VVG place_NN1 can_VM lead_VVI to_II early_JJ death_NN1 ._. Some_DD settle_VV0 down_RP to_TO hibernate_VVI in_II bonfire_NN1 stacks_NN2 ,_, and_CC so_RR perish_VV0 during_II celebrations_NN2 on_II guy_NN1 Fawkes_NP1 night_NNT1 ._.

<gap desc="figure">

page 16 [ next page ] [ previous page ] [ AK5.1 index ]

<chpb desc="13">

<chpb desc="11">

HIBERNATION_NN1

Hedgehogs_NN2 eat_VV0 as_RG much_DA1 as_CSA they_PPHS2 can_VM during_II Summer_NNT1 and_CC <reg> autumn_NNT1 </reg> ._. There_EX is_VBZ not_XX <reg> much_DA1 </reg> food_NN1 for_IF animals_NN2 during_II the_AT winter_NNT1 ._. In_II cold_JJ weather_NN1 ,_, <sic> the_AT </sic> need_VV0 food_NN1 to_TO keep_VVI their_APPGE bodies_NN2 warm_VV0 ._. So_RR during_II the_AT winter_NNT1 hedgehog_NN1 hibernate_NN1 ._. During_II that_DD1 time_NNT1 they_PPHS2 live_VV0 on_II the_AT fat_NN1 that_CST <sic> the_AT </sic> stored_JJ during_II the_AT summer_NNT1 time_NNT1 ._.

A_AT1 hedgehog_NN1 makes_VVZ winter_NNT1 nest_NN1 in_II preparation_NN1 for_IF hibernation_NN1 The_AT nest_NN1 that_CST the_AT hedgehog_NN1 makes_VVZ to_TO sleep_VVI in_RP during_II the_AT day_NNT1 is_VBZ a_RR21 lot_RR22 thinner_JJR than_CSN the_AT nest_NN1 for_IF Hibernation_NN1 ._.

Hibernation_NN1 is_VBZ more_DAR than_CSN deep_JJ sleep_NN1 ._. When_CS a_AT1 hedgehog_NN1 hibernates_VVZ its_APPGE <reg> heart_NN1 </reg> beat_NN1 <reg> slows_VVZ </reg> down_RP and_CC its_APPGE temperature_NN1 falls_NN2 ._. It_PPH1 breathes_VVZ <reg> about_RG </reg> once_RR every_AT1 few_DA2 seconds_NNT2 and_CC looks_VVZ as_CS21 if_CS22 it_PPH1 is_VBZ dead_JJ ._. Baby_NN1 <sic> hedgehog_NN1 </sic> may_VM wake_VVI up_RP during_II winter_NNT1 because_CS they_PPHS2 have_VH0 not_XX got_VVN enough_DD <reg> body_NN1 </reg> fat_NN1 to_TO keep_VVI them_PPHO2 fed_VVD and_CC warm_JJ <reg> throughout_II </reg> the_AT cold_JJ winter_NNT1 months_NNT2 ._.

If_CS you_PPY see_VV0 a_AT1 hedgehog_NN1 give_VVI it_PPH1 bread_NN1 and_CC milk_NN1 ._. because_CS this_DD1 may_VM save_VVI a_AT1 Life_NN1 ._.

<gap desc="figure">

page 17 [ next page ] [ previous page ] [ AK5.1 index ]

<note desc="text written on margin tab"> Distribution_NN1 </note>

page 18 [ next page ] [ previous page ] [ AK5.1 index ]

<chpb desc="14">

<chpb desc="12">

Distribution_NN1 of_IO the_AT European_JJ Hedgehog_NN1 ._.

Widespread_JJ in_II Britain_NP1 and_CC the_AT rest_NN1 of_IO Europe_NP1 from_II Scandinavia_NP1 to_II the_AT Mediterranean_JJ ._. The_AT European_JJ Hedgehog_NN1 was_VBDZ also_RR introduced_VVN to_II New_NP1 Zealand_NP1 by_II early_JJ settlers_NN2 from_II england_NN1 ._.

World_NN1 wide_JJ Distribution_NN1 of_IO Hedgehogs_NN2 ._.

There_EX are_VBR lots_PN of_IO different_JJ types_NN2 of_IO hedgehogs_NN2 <UNCLEAR>_FO Russia_NP1 and_CC eat_VV0 China_NP1 ._. In_II Africa_NP1 and_CC Asia_NP1 ,_, where_CS it_PPH1 is_VBZ hot_JJ there_EX are_VBR desert_NN1 Hedgehogs_NN2 ._.

<gap desc="figure">

page 19 [ next page ] [ previous page ] [ AK5.1 index ]

<chpb desc="15">

<chpb desc="13">

<gap desc="figure">

<gap desc="colour key"> Distribution_NN1 of_IO the_AT European_JJ Hedgehog_NN1

page 20 [ next page ] [ previous page ] [ AK5.1 index ]

<note desc="text written on margin tab"> Features_NN2 of_IO the_AT Hedgehog_NN1 </note>

page 21 [ next page ] [ previous page ] [ AK5.1 index ]

<chpb desc="10">

<chpb desc="14">

SPINES_NN2

<gap desc="figure">

Hedgehogs_NN2 have_VH0 nearly_RR 7,000_MC spines_NN2 covering_VVG <reg> their_APPGE </reg> backs_NN2 and_CC heads_NN2 ._.

Baby_NN1 <reg> hedgehogs_NN2 </reg> spines_NN2 are_VBR soft_JJ and_CC rubbery_JJ when_CS They_PPHS2 are_VBR first_MD born_VVN ._.

When_CS a_AT1 hedgehog_NN1 is_VBZ scared_JJ it_PPH1 rolls_VVZ up_RP in_RP to_II a_AT1 <reg> tight_JJ </reg> ball_NN1 of_IO spikes_NN2 ._.

<gap desc="figure">

The_AT hedgehog_NN1 spines_NN2 are_VBR hollow_JJ and_CC springy_JJ ,_, with_IW <reg> flexible_JJ </reg> neck_NN1 ._.

The_AT base_NN1 is_VBZ a_AT1 <reg> smooth_JJ </reg> ball_NN1

page 22 [ next page ] [ previous page ] [ AK5.1 index ]

<chpb desc="17">

<chpb desc="15">

Parts_NN2 of_IO the_AT <reg> hedgehogs_NN2 </reg> <reg> body_NN1 </reg>

<gap desc="figure">

EARS_NN2 ._. well_RR developed_VVN for_IF searching_VVG for_IF <reg> prey_NN1 </reg>

Coat_NN1 ._. thick_JJ and_CC <reg> spiny_JJ </reg> with_IW <reg> about_RG </reg> 6000_MC spines_NN2 ._. Each_DD1 <sic> spines_NN2 </sic> lasts_VVZ <reg> about_RG </reg> a_AT1 year_NNT1 then_RT <reg> drops_VVZ </reg> out_RP and_CC a_AT1 <reg> replacement_NN1 </reg> grows_VVZ ._. When_CS alarmed_VVN ,_, the_AT hedgehog_NN1 curls_NN2 up_RP into_II a_AT1 <reg> spiny_JJ </reg> ball_NN1 to_TO <reg> protect_VVI </reg> its_APPGE vulnerable_JJ stomach_NN1 ._.

SNOUT_NP1 ._. Long_RR extending_VVG beyond_II the_AT front_NN1 of_IO the_AT mouth_NN1 ,_, used_VVN for_IF foraging_VVG ._.

page 23 [ next page ] [ previous page ] [ AK5.1 index ]

<note desc="text written on margin tab"> Surveys_NN2 ._. </note>

page 24 [ next page ] [ previous page ] [ AK5.1 index ]

<chpb desc="18">

<chpb desc="16">

Hedgehog_NN1 survey_NN1

Number_NN1 of_IO children_NN2 32_MC ._.

q1_FO ._. Have_VH0 you_PPY ever_RR seen_VVN a_AT1 hedgehog_NN1 ?_?

q.2_FO ._. Do_VD0 you_PPY like_VVI them_PPHO2 ?_?

page 25 [ next page ] [ previous page ] [ AK5.1 index ]

<chpb desc="17">

<chpb desc="19">

Questions_NN2 1_MC1

Have_VH0 you_PPY ever_RR seen_VVN a_AT1 hedgehog_NN1 ?_?

<gap desc="bar chart">

Number_NN1 of_IO children_NN2

Yes_UH

NO_UH ._.

page 26 [ next page ] [ previous page ] [ AK5.1 index ]

<chpb desc=" 19">

<chpb desc=" 18">

question_NN1 2_MC ._.

Do_VD0 you_PPY like_VVI hedgehogs_NN2 ?_?

<gap desc="figure">

Number_NN1 of_IO children_NN2 ._.

Yes_UH ._.

No_UH

page 27 [ next page ] [ previous page ] [ AK5.1 index ]

<chpb desc="20">

<chpb desc="18">

Have_VH0 you_PPY ever_RR seen_VVN a_AT1 Hedgehog_NN1 ?_?

Do_VD0 you_PPY like_VVI Them_PPHO2

Name_NN1

<gap desc="List of class names and questionnaire responses">

Yes_UH

No_UH

page 28 [ next page ] [ previous page ] [ AK5.1 index ]

<note desc="text written on margin tab"> Bibliography_NN1 ._. </note>

page 29 [ next page ] [ previous page ] [ AK5.1 index ]

<chpb desc="21">

<chpb desc="20">

Bibliography_NN1

Nature_NN1 study_NN1 Hedgehogs_NN2 by_II J.JESSOP_NP1

Key_JJ facts_NN2 card_NN1 36_MC group_NN1 1_MC1 European_JJ <reg> hedgehog_NN1 </reg> ._.

Girl_NN1 talk_NN1 Really_RR wild_JJ guide_NN1 to_II <reg> Britain_NP1 </reg> ._.

<reg> hedgehog_NN1 </reg> fact_NN1 card_NN1 <gap desc="Teacher name">

page 30 [ next page ] [ previous page ] [ AK5.1 index ]

<note desc="text written on margin tab"> Index_NN1 ._. </note>

page 31 [ next page ] [ previous page ] [ AK5.1 index ]

Index_NN1

page 32 [ next page ] [ previous page ] [ AK5.1 index ]

Index_NN1

page 33 [ next page ] [ previous page ] [ AK5.1 index ]

<gap desc="imported material">

page 34 [ next page ] [ previous page ] [ AK5.1 index ]

<gap desc="imported material">

page 35 [ next page ] [ previous page ] [ AK5.1 index ]

<gap desc="imported material">