BIRDS_NP1

<chpb desc="1">

<reg> Birds_NP1 </reg>

<gap desc="figure">

<gap desc="figure">

<gap desc="figure">

<chpb desc="2">

Masters_NN2 of_IO the_AT AIR_NN1

Since_CS time_NNT1 immemorial_JJ birds_NN2 have_VH0 fascinated_VVN man_NN1 not_XX only_RR because_CS <note desc="word/s missing?"> their_APPGE brightly-coloured_JJ plumage_NN1 and_CC <reg> lovely_JJ </reg> song_NN1 but_CCB above_II all_DB because_II21 of_II22 their_APPGE ability_NN1 to_TO fly_VVI ._.

Besides_II insects_NN2 only_RR the_AT birds_NN2 and_CC Bats_NN2 can_VM achieve_VVI true_JJ flight_NN1 ._.

Birds_NP1 ,_, however_RR ,_, have_VH0 no_AT rivals_NN2 in_II the_AT Air_NN1 ._.

The_AT bird_NN1 skeleton_NN1 is_VBZ not_XX only_RR strong_JJ but_CCB also_RR <reg> light_JJ </reg> because_CS most_DAT of_IO the_AT bones_NN2 are_VBR <reg> hollow_JJ </reg> ._. Some_DD of_IO the_AT vertebrae_NN2 are_VBR fused_VVN with_IW shoulder_NN1 and_CC hip_NN1 girdles_NN2 thus_RR strengthening_VVG the_AT skeleton_NN1 ._. The_AT greatest_JJT adaptation_NN1 for_IF flight_NN1 is_VBZ the_AT broad_JJ breastbone_NN1 or_CC sternum_NN1 with_IW a_AT1 keel_NN1 to_II which_DDQ are_VBR attached_VVN the_AT strong_JJ muscles_NN2 which_DDQ power_VV0 the_AT front_JJ limbs_NN2 which_DDQ have_VH0 been_VBN modified_VVN into_II wings_NN2 ._. Some_DD birds_NN2 have_VH0 lost_VVN power_NN1 of_IO flight_NN1 muscles_NN2 have_VH0 been_VBN reduced_VVN and_CC the_AT keel_NN1 on_II the_AT breastbone_NN1 <reg> disappeared_VVD </reg> ._.

<gap desc="figure">

<chpb desc="3">

Divers_NN2 Are_VBR the_AT only_JJ <reg desc="uncertain"> flying_JJ </reg> <sic> Bird_NN1 Hind_JJ Legs_NN2 </sic> ._. This_DD1 means_VVZ they_PPHS2 Are_VBR Excellent_JJ At_II Swimming_NN1 But_CCB when_RRQ <sic> there_EX </sic> are_VBR <reg> on_II </reg> dry_JJ Land_NN1 ,_, <reg> they_PPHS2 </reg> Drag_VV0 Themselves_PPX2 <reg> Along_RP </reg> on_II <reg> their_APPGE </reg> Bellies_NN2 Because_CS <reg> They_PPHS2 </reg> can_VM not_XX Walk_VV0 very_RG well_RR

<gap desc="figure">

When_CS foraging_VVG for_IF food_NN1 they_PPHS2 submerge_VV0 for_IF only_JJ 30-45_MCMC seconds_NNT2 ._. But_CCB when_CS In_II danger_NN1 they_PPHS2 can_VM dive_VVI up_RG21 to_RG22 80_MC <reg> metres_NNU2 </reg> They_PPHS2 are_VBR found_VVN in_II North_ND1 <reg> America_NP1 </reg> <reg> Iceland_NP1 </reg> and_CC <reg> Greenland_NP1 </reg>

<chpb desc="4">

Great_JJ crested_JJ grebe_NN1

This_DD1 bird_NN1 eats_VVZ small_JJ fish_NN ,_, insects_NN2 and_CC insect_NN1 larvae_NN2 ,_, and_CC some_DD other_JJ small_JJ animals_NN2 ._. They_PPHS2 are_VBR <reg> found_VVN </reg> <reg> throughout_II </reg> most_DAT of_IO the_AT world_NN1 ._. <reg> They_PPHS2 </reg> are_VBR quick_JJ sea_NN1 birds_NN2 ._. Some_DD people_NN believe_VV0 the_AT feathers_NN2 retain_VV0 sharp_JJ bones_NN2 <note desc="uncertain punctuation"> ._. </note> of_IO fish_NN In_II The_AT Stomach_NN1 ,_, <gap desc="figure"> until_CS they_PPHS2 <sic> softened_VVD </sic> and_CC continue_VV0 through_II the_AT digestive_JJ tract_NN1 ._. Young_JJ grebes_NN2 are_VBR often_RR striped_JJ

<gap desc="figure">

<chpb desc="5">

Common_JJ Puffin_NP1

The_AT puffin_NN1 has_VHZ A_AT1 brightly_RR coloured_JJ beak_NN1 ._. And_CC a_AT1 black_JJ and_CC white_JJ BODY_NN1 ._. Puffins_NP2 nest_NN1 on_II grassy_JJ cliffs_NN2 where_CS they_PPHS2 dig_VV0 BURROWS_NP1 ._. The_AT female_NN1 lays_VVZ one_MC1 single_JJ white_JJ egg_NN1 ._. Both_DB2 <reg> their_APPGE </reg> mum_NN1 and_CC dad_NN1 feed_VV0 <reg> there_RL </reg> young_JJ twice_RR a_AT1 day_NNT1 for_IF 40_MC days_NNT2 ._. They_PPHS2 feed_VV0 it_PPH1 small_JJ fish_NN ._. Each_DD1 puffin_NN1 can_VM carry_VVI eight_MC to_II ten_MC fish_NN in_II <reg> its_APPGE </reg> beak_NN1 At_II A_AT1 time_NNT1 ,_, Holding_VVG them_PPHO2 crosswise_JJ with_IW its_APPGE head_NN1 on_II one_MC1 side_NN1 and_CC tail_NN1 on_II the_AT other_JJ <reg> after_II </reg> the_AT six_MC weeks_NNT2 they_PPHS2 <reg> abandon_VV0 </reg> the_AT SMALL_JJ puffin_NN1 To_II <note desc="space left for missing word?"> </note> for_IF <sic> themself_PPX1 </sic>

<gap desc="figure">

<chpb desc="6">

Wandering_VVG albatross_NN1

Albatrosses_NN2 Are_VBR past_JJ <reg> masters_NN2 </reg> of_IO gliding_NN1 ._.

The_AT wandering_JJ <reg> albatross_NN1 </reg> has_VHZ the_AT greatest_JJT wingspan_NN1 of_IO all_DB birds_NN2 It_PPH1 can_VM <sic> wingspan_NN1 </sic> three_MC metres_NNU2 from_II wingtip_NN1 To_II wingtip_NN1 ._. They_PPHS2 nest_VV0 in_II colonies_NN2 ,_, on_II generally_RR islands_NN2 The_AT parents_NN2 take_VV0 Turns_NN2 incubating_VVG the_AT white_JJ egg_NN1 for_IF 77_MC to_II 82_MC days_NNT2 they_PPHS2 also_RR feed_VV0 the_AT young_JJ for_IF 6_MC <reg> months_NNT2 </reg> after_CS they_PPHS2 are_VBR Born_VVN ._. It_PPH1 <sic> take_VV0 </sic> 7_MC years_NNT2 Before_CS it_PPH1 can_VM breed_VVI

<gap desc="figure">

<chpb desc="7">

Brown_JJ pelican_NN1

Pelicans_NN2 are_VBR recognized_VVN by_II <sic> they_PPHS2 </sic> pouch_VV0 on_II the_AT lower_JJR <reg> beak_NN1 </reg> It_PPH1 can_VM hold_VVI up_RG21 to_RG22 2-3_MCMC <sic> galls_NN2 </sic> <reg> which_DDQ </reg> is_VBZ triple_JJ the_AT size_NN1 of_IO the_AT stomach_NN1 ,_, <sic> There_RL </sic> nest_VV0 in_II colonies_NN2 and_CC remain_VV0 in_II flocks_NN2 even_RR outside_II the_AT breeding_NN1 season_NNT1 ._. When_CS resting_VVG <note desc="uncertain punctuation"> ._. </note> they_PPHS2 all_DB turn_VV0 <sic> they_PPHS2 </sic> head_VV0 the_AT same_DA way_NN1 ._. When_CS flying_VVG in_II a_AT1 straight_JJ line_NN1 <sic> they_PPHS2 </sic> movements_NN2 are_VBR the_AT same_DA ._. except_II21 for_II22 the_AT brown_JJ ones_NN2 because_CS they_PPHS2 look_VV0 for_IF fish_NN and_CC Dive_VV0 head_NN1 first_MD from_II the_AT air_NN1 into_II the_AT water_NN1 all_DB the_AT other_JJ five_MC <reg> makes_VVZ </reg> of_IO Pelicans_NN2 Fish_VV0 jointly_RR <reg> they_PPHS2 </reg> form_VV0 a_AT1 Long_JJ line_NN1 beating_VVG the_AT water_NN1 with_IW their_APPGE wings_NN2 forcing_VVG the_AT <note desc="word/s missing?"> </note> they_PPHS2 <sic> scooped_VVD </sic> up_RP into_II <reg> their_APPGE </reg> pouches_NN2 ._.

<gap desc="figure">