“THE HISTORY OF CHRISTIAN ART” 179

author most inaccurately confounds with it, or of the discipline of memory, grasping this or that circumstance at will, or of the still nobler foresight of, and respect towards, things future, except only instinctive and compelled.

10. The fact is, that it is not in intellect added to the bodily sense, nor in moral sentiment superadded to the intellect, that the essential difference between brute and man consists: but in the elevation of all three to that point at which each becomes capable of communion with the Deity, and worthy therefore of eternal life;-the body more universal as an instrument-more exquisite in its sense-this last character carried out in the eye and ear to the perception of Beauty, in form, sound, and colour-and herein distinctively raised above the brutal sense; intellect, as we have said, peculiarly separating and vast; the moral sentiments like in essence, but boundlessly expanded, as attached to an infinite object, and labouring in an infinite field: each part mortal in its shortcoming, immortal in the accomplishment of its perfection and purpose; the opposition which we at first broadly expressed as between body and spirit, being more strictly between the natural and spiritual condition of the entire creature-body natural, sown in death, body spiritual, raised in incorruption: Intellect natural, leading to scepticism; intellect spiritual, expanding into faith: Passion natural, suffered from things spiritual; passion spiritual, centred on things unseen: and the strife or antagonism which is throughout the subject of Lord Lindsay’s proof, is not, as he has stated it, between the moral, intellectual, and sensual elements, but between the upward and downward tendencies of all three-between the spirit of Man which goeth upward, and the spirit of the Beast which goeth downward.¹

11. We should not have been thus strict in our examination of these preliminary statements, if the question had been one of terms merely, or if the inaccuracy of thought

¹ [The Bible references here and in preceding lines are-1 Corinthians xv. 42; Hebrews xi. 1; Ecclesiastes iii. 21.]

[Version 0.04: March 2008]