The Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood was formed in 1848 by James Collinson (1825?-1881), William Holman Hunt (1827-1910), John Everett Millias (1829-1896), Dante Gabriel Rossetti (1828-1882), William Michael Rossetti (1829-1919), Frederic George Stephens (1828-1907), and Thomas Woolner (1825-1892). The leading figures were Hunt, Millias and D. G. Rossetti and their aim was to change the direction of painting in England. They believed that the Italian painters prior to Raphael worked with a kind of religious sincerity which was to form a basis of a changed attitude towards painting and lead to the creation of a new symbolic realism. The Pre-Raphaelite Movement which they initiated later incorporated many other artists (not officially in the Brotherhood) and aesthetic attitudes which resulted in a broad school. Pre-Raphaelitism was broader still and included literature as well as visual art (see Fredeman, Pre-Raphaelitism, 1965, p.1).