George Henry Lewes (1817-1878). Writer and critic. Educated in France and Germany, Lewes contributed to a wide range of periodicals, including the Westminster Review, the British and Foreign Quarterly Review, the Foreign Quarterly Review, the Edinburgh Review, the British Quarterly Review and Fraser's Magazine, on a variety of topics. A member of Charles Dickens 's dramatic circle, he wrote articles on drama and criticism, but is chiefly known for his introduction of philosophy, particularly German thought, to the British public. He wrote an article on Hegel's aesthetics for the British and Foreign Review in 1843, and a life of Goethe in 1855. An admirer of the positivist philosophy of Auguste Comte, Lewes wrote a popular history of philosophy entitled Biographical History of Philosophy (1845-6). His interest in science and psychology led to the publication of Seaside Studies (1858), The Physiology of Common Life (1859) and Problems of Life and Mind (1873-9). His comments on the possibility of the adaptation of species in a series of essays for the Cornhill Magazine entitled Studies in Animal Life, published during 1860, were perceived as controversial, and the series was brought to an abrupt end. Lewes's aim of eradicating anonymous criticism, outlined in 1842, was not realised until he became editor, in 1865, of the Fortnightly Review, one of the first periodicals to allow authors to sign their articles.