[M2.7backL]                                                           [M2.7back]									
                                                                      
[diagrams]                                                            		1st. then:  Analysis of general idea of Pier or Pillar supports.
                                                                      		(It has been stated that the best form of the
                                                                      		pier is the cylindrical:  the relations of which we shall
                                                                      		therefore first examine)  Whatever the superstructure
                                                                      		evidently the first thing to be done is to establish a
                                                                      		connection between the detached portions of wall or
                                                                      		detached pillars.
                                                                      		It is evident also that this can be done only in one of
                                                                      		four ways:  By solid lintels from pillar to pillar. a. By
                                                                      		sloping blocks or beams from pillar to pillar. b. By wedge
                                                                      		lintels, c. or by arches . d.
                                                                      		Now in every one of these cases, by the introduction of a
                                                                      		broader flat stone at the top of the pillar to receive
                                                                      		the superincumbent masonry, that masonry may be made
                                                                      		bolder and more secure, as a, b, c, d;  or some of it may
                                                                      		be altogether spared and smaller masses of stone employed
                                                                      		as a2, d2, (x)  Vid below)
                                                                      		In this arrangement however the portions of the superimposed
                                                                      		cap or headstone which project are necesarily
                                                                      		weak;  This fault may be remedied by the introduction of
                                                                      		a third stone, levelled off to the pillar; as a3 (xx) vid p 8)
                                                                      		(x)  As compared with the arrangements a and b the
                                                                      		arrangements a1 b1 have two advantages  The first, that
                                                                      		a superincumbent weight which would break the 
                                                                      		lintels of

[Version 0.05: May 2008]