Summary of review by H. F. Chorley, 'Ruskinism' - Reviews of Modern Painters I (1843), Modern Painters II (1846), Modern Painters III (1856), Pre-Raphaelitism (1851), Academy Notes (1855), Giotto and his Works in Padua (1854), Edinburgh Review, April 1856)

In this hostile review, Henry Chorley, critic of the Edinburgh Review, joins Elizabeth Eastlake of the Quarterly Review in reviewing Ruskin 's writing for the first time. Although Chorley acknowledges him as a perceptive and eloquent writer (see here), these qualities are negated by Ruskin's lack of 'masculine judgement' (see here) and there are hints at hurt Scottish civic pride (see here). Ruskin is characterised as a mad preacher (see here), whose support for both Turner and the Pre-Raphaelites is seen as an example of his characteristic tendency to contradict himself (see here). The attack by the two establishment quarterlies prompted William Morris and Edward Burne-Jones to come to Ruskin's defence in the Oxford and Cambridge Magazine, June 1856, while George Richmond (1809-1896) responded in the National Review, July 1856. Other reviews sympathetic to Ruskin included the British Quarterly Review, April 1856, the Westminster Review, April 1856, the American Putnam's Monthly Magazine, May 1856, the Eclectic Review, June 1856, and Fraser's Magazine, June 1856. Many of these periodicals were those representing the interests of religious dissent.

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