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 Ling 131: Language & Style
 

 Topic 8 - Discourse structure and point of view > Being the author! > Our answer

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Session Overview
Discourse structure and point of view
Discourse structure of 1st and 3rd person novels
Being the author!
Different kinds of point of view
Linguistic indicators of point of view
Ideological viewpoint
Point of view in a more extended example
Point of view checksheet
Topic 8 'tool' summary
 
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Readings

Being the author!

Our answer to part 1:

Why the story feels 'neutral', and not tied to the viewpoint of one character

(a) All of the participants in the story are referred to in the 3rd-person mode. In other words, the pronouns referring back to the noun phrases describing the characters are 3rd-person pronouns. The woman is referred to with 'she' in S2 and the man is referred to with 'he' in S3. The cat does not receive pronominal reference in the text, but if it had, it would have to be referred to by 'it', 'he' or 'she' (as in this sentence).
(b) The story is also told in the present tense, to remove the idea of a time perspective related to a telling of the story by one of the characters.
(c) What is described is not 'anchored' spatially or temporally to the perceptions of just one of the characters in the story. For example the content of S2 is accessible to the woman (and the reader, of course) but not the man, and the content of most of sentence 2 (up to the verb 'enters') is accessible to the man but not the woman.
(d) There are no indications of the emotional or ideological viewpoints of either of the characters. For example, evaluative adjectives (e.g. 'horrible') and adverbs (e.g. threateningly') are absent from the description.
(e) There are no expressions which anchor the spatial or temporal viewpoint to just one of the characters (note, for example how 'enters 'is neutral compared with 'came into', which would anchor the description to a viewpoint inside the room (consistent with the woman's perspective) or 'went into' which would anchor it to a position outside the room (consistent with the man's perspective).

 

 

 


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