We welcome applications from the United States of America
We've put together information and resources to guide your application journey as a student from the United States of America.
Overview
Top reasons to study with us
3
3rd for Linguistics
The Times and Sunday Times Good University Guide (2025)
4th for Graduate Prospects (Linguistics)
Times and Sunday Times Good University Guide 2025
World top three for Linguistics
(QS World University Subject Rankings 2024)
We are one of the largest departments for the study of language in the country and one of the most highly rated in the world (3rd for Linguistics in the QS World Rankings, 2024).
Do you want to combine creating original fiction with an in-depth study of the English language? Then this is the degree for you.
At Lancaster, all Creative Writing students combine writing with study in another subject. You’ll be taught Creative Writing through lectures, readings, practices and discussion in regular tutor-led workshops by practising writers. As a student on the English Language and Creative Writing degree, you’ll join a thriving community, where you can get involved with the Writing Society, poetry nights, and spoken word events in the city. You’ll have the chance to develop your writing skills, cultivating a strong feel for words and their meaning within context.
Our Linguistics and English Language department is one of the largest in the UK. You could be analysing sound patterns or learning more about the tones, nuances and registers of the English language. The two different focuses of this degree reinforce and complement each other perfectly.
In your first year you’ll study the core modules of English Language and Introduction to Creative Writing. You will build up a writing portfolio throughout the year, which counts towards your final mark, and you will have the opportunity to work in small groups to offer supportive constructive criticism on each other’s work. In the second year you’ll move on to Stylistics and Intermediate Creative Writing Workshop. You’ll also be able to select modules such as Discourse Analysis, Creative Non-Fiction: Genre and Practice and English Phonetics. We also offer a series of lectures on the business of being a writer.
Your final year is made up of an Advanced Creative Writing Workshop and options such as a dissertation, Forensic Linguistics or Poetry and Experiment.
Many English Language graduates go on to work in education, publishing, the media and information technology. It is a subject that is useful in fields involving international communication, such as science, trade and international relations. As well as writing, this degree combination is particularly well-suited for careers in publishing, journalism, editing and PR.
“You get so much freedom in terms of what you write and what you’re interested in, and you’re really encouraged to follow that”. Discover how you could forge your Creative Writing journey at Lancaster University.
Linguistics or English Language?
We offer BA degrees in Linguistics, English Language, and Linguistics and English Language. Which programme is right for you depends on your interests.
Linguistics and English Language at Lancaster University
“The sorts of things that you learn about can change your whole world view”. Hear from students and teaching staff on what it’s like to study Linguistics and English Language at Lancaster University.
Your year abroad
Study abroad
The study abroad option is an exciting opportunity for anyone who is thinking of working abroad during their career or who simply wants the experience of living and studying overseas as part of their degree.
Often study abroad students describe the year abroad as a “transformative experience”, as it can shape your future career path as well as having a positive impact on your personal development.
On a study abroad course, you'll spend two years at Lancaster before going overseas in your third year to study at one of our international partner universities. This will help you to
develop your global outlook
expand your professional network
increase your cultural awareness
develop your personal skills.
You’ll return to Lancaster for your final year of study in year four.
Host universities
During your year abroad, you will choose specialist modules relating to your degree and potentially other modules offered by the host university that are specialisms of that university and country.
The places available at our overseas partners vary every year. In previous years destinations for students in the Faculty have included Australia, USA, Canada, Europe and Asia.
Alternative option
We will make reasonable endeavours to place students at an approved overseas partner university that offers appropriate modules. Occasionally places overseas may not be available for all students who want to study abroad or the place at the partner university may be withdrawn if core modules are unavailable.
If you are not offered a place to study overseas, you will be able to transfer to the equivalent standard 3-year degree scheme and would complete your studies at Lancaster. Lancaster University cannot accept responsibility for any financial aspects of the year abroad.
Careers
Your degree encourages you to cultivate a highly creative approach to projects and fosters a keen sense of imagination, as well as skills in data analysis, and the synthesis and presentation of results. These are the kinds of skills that today’s employers value.
Typically, our graduates are interested in jobs in:
Speech and Language Therapy
Teaching (primary, secondary, and English as a foreign Language abroad)
Journalism, Media and Publishing
Speech Technology
Public Relations
Publishing
Management
Some of our graduates continue their studies at Lancaster or other institutions and undertake postgraduate studies or professional training in the field of languages or linguistics.
Lancaster University is dedicated to ensuring you not only gain a highly reputable degree, but that you also graduate with relevant life and work based skills. We are unique in that every student is eligible to participate in The Lancaster Award which offers you the opportunity to complete key activities such as work experience, employability/career development, campus community and social development. Visit our Employability section for full details.
Entry requirements
Grade Requirements
A Level AAB
IELTS 6.5 overall with at least 5.5 in each component. For other English language qualifications we accept, please see our English language requirements webpages.
Other Qualifications
International Baccalaureate 35 points overall with 16 points from the best 3 Higher Level subjects
BTEC Distinction, Distinction, Distinction
We welcome applications from students with a range of alternative UK and international qualifications, including combinations of qualification. Further guidance on admission to the University, including other qualifications that we accept, frequently asked questions and information on applying, can be found on our general admissions webpages.
Delivered in partnership with INTO Lancaster University, our one-year tailored foundation pathways are designed to improve your subject knowledge and English language skills to the level required by a range of Lancaster University degrees. Visit the INTO Lancaster University website for more details and a list of eligible degrees you can progress onto.
Contextual admissions
Contextual admissions could help you gain a place at university if you have faced additional challenges during your education which might have impacted your results. Visit our contextual admissions page to find out about how this works and whether you could be eligible.
Course structure
Lancaster University offers a range of programmes, some of which follow a structured study programme, and some which offer the chance for you to devise a more flexible programme to complement your main specialism.
Information contained on the website with respect to modules is correct at the time of publication, and the University will make every reasonable effort to offer modules as advertised. In some cases changes may be necessary and may result in some combinations being unavailable, for example as a result of student feedback, timetabling, Professional Statutory and Regulatory Bodies' (PSRB) requirements, staff changes and new research. Not all optional modules are available every year.
Within our flexible Part I system, this 40-credit module runs over the course of the year and introduces students to the field of English Language. It is organised into eight units that cover:
Visual English and English Vocabulary
This unit covers the development of English spelling, including changes in letters and punctuation. We also look at the origins and development of English vocabulary and the complexities involved in defining fundamental units, such as words.
English Sounds and Structures
This unit explores the building blocks of speech, the workings of the human vocal tract, and how we can analyse and transcribe speech. It then builds upon this to examine how smaller units are combined into grammatical structures, while teaching a framework for the analysis of sentence structure.
Media English
This unit considers how media genres have developed, such as how language is used on TV, in newspapers and online. It also explores how language is used across a range of media, including political speeches, advertising, and campaigning, and how social media may be influencing language in real-time.
English Dialects
In this unit, you’ll explore the richness of English dialects, understanding where they came from and how they might change in the future. In doing so, we’ll also examine how English spread around the world and whether there’s such a thing as ‘standard English’.
Analysing English in Use
This unit will teach you fundamental skills in discourse analysis, allowing you to develop a set of tools for analysing texts and their contexts. This includes analysing how language is used to frame political topics, techniques for persuasion, and language and power.
Creative English
What is the difference between ‘ordinary’ and ‘literary’ language? In this unit, you will explore creative uses of English, spanning literature, poetry and metaphors. We will also think about creativity in everyday language, showing how seemingly ordinary speech and writing contains boundless novelty and verbal artistry.
Changing English
One of the most fundamental characteristics of language is that it changes over time. But why does language change? In this unit, you’ll explore the origins of English, how it has changed over time, and how we can use databases of historical language to track changes in writing.
Teaching English
English is the most widely spoken language in the world, but the majority of speakers learn it as a second language. In this unit, you’ll explore issues and opportunities in the teaching of English as a second language, including classroom interaction and the current best practices on how to teach a language.
This year-long module is focused on the development of your own writing. You will be encouraged to experiment with various forms and genres, to explore new approaches in drafting and editing your own work, and to develop the gentle art of responding to the work of fellow students. The lectures will introduce you to a range of exciting texts and helpful terminology, and offer insight from published authors. The follow-up workshops allow you to practice technique, mature your voice, and nurture your writerly instincts.
Optional
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Within our flexible Part I system, this 40-credit module runs over the course of the year and introduces students to the field of Linguistics. It is organised into six units that cover:
Structures of Language
This unit focusses on the core areas of linguistic description: phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics and pragmatics. The unit introduces students to the structure and meanings of words and sentences as well as the way words and sentences are understood in specific contexts of use.
Language Beginnings and Endings
This unit explores the evolution of language in our species, the way children acquire language and the way second languages are learned as children and adults. It also considers how language can be impaired and how and why languages die out.
Language and Society
This unit considers how languages differ according to social variables like class, gender and region. It also considers the relationship between language and politics and language and culture. The implications of multilingualism and issues of language policy and planning are also addressed.
Language Variation and Change
This unit explores different modalities of language including writing systems and sign language. It also explores the relationships between different languages and the way languages can change over time. Diversity in the world’s languages and the effect language may have on the way people think are also addressed.
Applied Linguistics
In this unit, students are introduced to some of the areas where knowledge and methods from linguistics are applied. You’ll explore the contributions that linguistics has made to areas like forensic science, computer science, health communication, education and literacy.
Methods of Linguistics
In this unit you’ll be introduced to some of the research methods relied on in linguistics, including both qualitative and quantitative methods. You’ll explore the different ways that data is collected and analysed in linguistics through ethnography, corpus linguistics, surveys and experiments.
Core
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This year-long module is the gate-way to the second and third year experience of Creative Writing. You will be able to write in any literary genre, drawing on the accompanying half-units or exploring new areas of creative work. You will develop a portfolio of creative writing, supported by peer and tutor feedback. A lecture series will increase the professionalisation of your writing.
The module is concerned with the linguistic analysis of literary texts, and particularly with the relationship between linguistic choices on the one hand and readers’ interpretations on the other. It deals with all three main literary genres: poetry, prose fiction and drama. Topics typically include:
Foregrounding in language: deviation
Foregrounding in language: parallelism
Figurative language and thought
Metaphor, metonymy and pain in verbal and visual art
Narrative and point of view
Fictional minds 1: point of view and mind style
Speech and thought presentation
Fictional conversations and characterisation
Fictional minds 2: conversation and autistic characters
Demonstration stylistic analysis: flash fiction
This short module provides support for students transitioning from year one to the more independent work expected in year two and beyond. It gives students the opportunity to reflect on the feedback from their coursework and exams in year one, as a foundation for developing the level of academic writing required in subsequent coursework. It also develops students’ awareness of the resources available from the library and how these may be accessed and used, particularly for independent research in coursework and the dissertation, and offers early alerts to the Careers service and planning for life after university. All majors and joint majors with either Linguistics or English Language must take this module in their second year.
Optional
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This module examines explanations of how we acquire our first language. We bring psycholinguistics and theoretical linguistics together to describe and explain the processes a child goes through in learning their first language. We also look at some more advanced issues such as bilingualism, language impairments, and language development in deaf children. The module is an introduction to language acquisition studies, psycholinguistics and theories of mind and language – looking particularly at the wide spectrum of different explanations for language acquisition.
This module enables you to explore topics, techniques, and methods involved in memoir and life writing, as well as the risks and opportunities – technical, ethical and personal – inherent in this form. Through a series of seminars and workshops we will explore set texts, generative writing prompts, and give and receive feedback on works in progress. You will work towards the creation of your own memoir text – either a short stand-alone work or works, or a chapter / section from a proposed longer work. In addition, you will be supported in developing independent research to set your own work in its context in your reflective essay.
The module aims to introduce students to the critical analysis of spoken and written discourse in contemporary social contexts. It provides a range of resources and techniques for analysing texts, and enables students to apply them in looking at use of language as one aspect of social processes and change in postmodern society. Methods include functional grammatical analysis of clauses and sentences, analysis of text cohesion and generic structure, conversational and pragmatic analysis of dialogue, and intertextual and interdiscursive analysis. With a focus on spoken data and conversation analysis, we will also address written texts and introduce Critical Discourse Analysis and provide a focus on institutional discourse.
If you follow this course you will:
develop your capacity for language analysis;
learn to apply academic knowledge and analysis to real world issues and problems;
develop a critical stance towards your social environment in its language aspects;
question and challenge social and intellectual authority and knowledge, including what is taught on the course.
The module will cover important aspects of English grammar, stressing the sense in which grammar (in English and in general) is not an abstract system of arbitrary rules but is motivated by meaning and shaped by usage. We will apply this so-called functionalist perspective not only to present-day English but also to the way in which certain grammatical constructions have developed over time. Topics typically include:
The purpose of (studying) grammar
Simple sentences
Word classes
Grammatical functions
Sentence structures and functions
Types and structure of phrases
Complex sentences
The passive: form(s) and function(s)
The grammar of spoken English
This course will provide students with an introduction to the phonetics of English. We will embark on a detailed examination of speech production, including the anatomy and physiology of the tongue, lips and larynx. In addition to this, we will cover different ways of representing speech, including transcribing phonetic variation using the International Phonetic Alphabet, and acoustic phonetics – the analysis of the physics of sound. Along the way, we will apply some of the above concepts to understanding phonetic variation in English, including various kinds of social and geographical variation.
This module introduces students to a range of technologies that require specialist treatment of linguistic data to function. Students will engage with technologies that require text databases (such as text categorisation technologies), as well as technologies that make use of the human speech signal (such as speech recognition and speaker recognition technologies). Students will not only learn about how these systems work, but they will also start to develop the coding skills required to build them. The module will be assessed by two reports that evaluate the performance of language technologies under different data conditions, reflecting the kind of development tasks undertaken in the technology industry.
In this module you will examine the language of ‘legacy’ as well as ‘newer’ media and how it interacts with other modes (for example, images). In the first half of the module, you will typically explore topics relating to ‘legacy’ media including but not limited to the structure of news, news values, broadcast talk, patterns in news discourse. In the second half of the module, you will typically examine topics relating to ‘newer’ media including but not limited to the ethics of social media data collection, hate speech, mis-/dis-information, social media advocacy and activism. You will learn how a range of approaches from linguistics - for example, discursive news values analysis, corpus linguistics, corpus-assisted discourse analysis, multimodal discourse analysis, (digital) conversation analysis, digitally mediated discourse analysis - can be applied to study topics relating to ‘legacy’ and ‘newer’ media.
This module provides an opportunity for students to explore language, learning and teaching. A particular focus is on classroom language, including whole class, paired and group work situations. This includes consideration of the role of technologies. We will look at a wide span of educational contexts, as we examine language and learning from the early years of schooling to looking at talk in tertiary education. We will see that language varies greatly in character and purpose according to who is involved and for what purpose. We will compare the language and learning opportunities that arise in whole class situations with pair and group work. What do students gain when they work collaboratively to help one another? What kind of teacher questions and responses promote greater learning opportunities? Do some kinds of interaction limit the potential for learning?
Using data from actual primary, secondary and/or post-secondary classrooms, students will develop their ability to analyse classroom language to explore how language fosters and/or sometimes hinders learning. This course will be of particular interest to those students who are curious about language and education, or who are considering working in educational contexts.
This course is complemented by LING209 Literacy and Education. The two modules alternate, so LING209 runs one year and then LING218 runs the following year. Most students therefore have the chance to take both modules, one in their second year and the other in their third year.
This module examines explanations of how language evolved in humans. We explore the evolution of the human language capacity drawing on evidence from linguistics, evolutionary theory, primatology and (paleo)anthropology. We consider language as a cognitive adaptation and ask what it is an adaptation for, e.g. instruction in tool making, as a form of social bonding, or as a means of winning a potential mate. We consider the phylogenetic development of language within the species as well as what cognitive and communicative abilities in non-human primates might reveal about the origins and functions of human language.
This module will allow students to undertake a short period of work experience with an employer in the North-West. Students spend forty hours working for an organisation which employs graduates in English Language and Linguistics, or a charity relevant to speech and language therapy. Placements are sourced by the Faculty Careers Team and include positions in areas such as publishing, marketing, social media, advertising, and speech and language therapy. Workshops prepare students for their chosen placement and training is provided. The module aims to give students a flavour of what it might be like to work in their chosen industry, in addition to developing graduate skills such as teamwork, taking direction from managers, confidence and independent working.
How does our lived experience translate into poetry? And how does poetry crystallize or transform experience through language and form? These and many other questions are explored in this module as we read as well as write poetry; for the writing of poetry is dependent not only your experience but also your abilities as a reader and interpreter of poems. We will look at the base structures of poetry – from the line-ending to more complex forms like sonnets and sestinas; and you will be encouraged to seek out new reading as a result of seminar discussion. Finally, you are expected to keep a journal of your poems and thoughts throughout the course, the contents of which will be used to create the reflective essay for your portfolio.
This module provides the students with theoretical and methodological insights into the field of Pragmatics, which is the discipline of language use in context. We will examine linguistic phenomena such as speech acts, (im-)politeness, the (c-)overt expression of intentions and the ways in which empathy is communicated.
We will consider how human beings progressively acquired the ability to express increasingly complex social meanings (e.g. referring to common sense knowledge when they make a statement) out of comparatively more basic ones (such as merely giving orders or asking questions).
This module provides students with knowledge about how speakers from different cultures and sociocultural backgrounds use language in different ways.
In this module you will examine the role of language in topics such as entrepreneurship, branding, talking to customers, communicating with patients, crisis communication, recruitment, bullying/harassment, and leadership, all of which are applicable to professional settings such as social services, schools, non-governmental organisations and businesses. You will learn how concepts from linguistics (including rhetoric, multimodality, (im)politeness, conversation analysis, narratives, metaphor and genre) can be applied to study specific communicative situations in professional settings, e.g. responding to complaints, diagnostic consultations, apologising, delivering bad news, job interviews and meetings.
What is short fiction as a literary form? The module approaches this question by exploring its unique opportunities and challenges. We will look at examples of modern and contemporary short stories from around the world (including work by Katherine Mansfield, Herve le Tellier and Walter Mosely) to see how the form can be manifested, pushed, pulled, and made malleable.
Critical and creative engagement with these set texts will allow you to see how key techniques of narrative, voice, imagery, and dialogue can be tailored for short fiction. You will put these techniques into practice through a series of writing exercises and in your own submissions for tutor and peer feedback, as you build towards a portfolio of original short fiction; this will be accompanied by a critical reflection where you can explore your strategies for writing in this form.
In this module you will learn to produce, describe, and transcribe all the sounds in the World's languages. We will describe the physiology of how different sounds are produced and will look at the acoustic characteristics of particular sounds. You will practise transcribing all sounds within the International Phonetic Alphabet, and will learn examples of where sounds are used. For example, we spend time looking at the occurrence of click sounds in South African languages and at how pitch variation is used in tone languages. Seminars will cover the practical aspects to sound production, and we will also spend some time learning how to use computers for speech analysis.
This module will cover central concepts around word order, case marking, agreement, alignment, animacy, definiteness and valency changes and teach you to analyse new data from the world’s languages in terms of these topics. You will learn to critically evaluate the extent to which the structures of the world’s languages are shaped by cognition and communication. You will also learn how linguists provide explanations for why languages are structured the way they are, given the functions they serve. It is expected that you will acquire a better understanding of the structure of English as a result of seeing how English differs from other languages.
We all know when an ad has caught our attention, and whether it works for us or not, but what precisely is responsible for these effects? In this module, we will learn how to take ads apart using tools taken from linguistics, rhetoric, and semiotics. We will explore how ad writers make use of the different levels of language: for instance, how they exploit sounds and spellings; how they toy with word meanings and word associations; how they manipulate, and sometimes break, the rules of standard grammar. We will also explore how ads interact with other texts and consider the relationship between words and pictures. As well as analysing ads themselves, we will also learn how to test out our intuitions about them, by investigating how the words, structures and visuals used in the ads are employed in other kinds of texts.
The module aims to enable you to write for the theatre and develop your awareness of the processes by which a written script makes its way to performance. You will be taught through weekly seminars/workshops in which you will explore the effects that different staging approaches and performance strategies have on your scripts.
The module usually ends with a performance showcase at the Dukes Theatre, Lancaster, in which you will be actively involved; the showcase will allow you to reflect upon your work in the light of audience feedback.
Over the course of the module, you will develop your own writing styles and gain an awareness of the professional requirements of playwriting.
This module seeks to helps you write imaginatively about places and/or landscapes. You will be able to write poetry, prose fiction, or non-fiction as we explore the broad field of nature, environmental, and place-writing. You will study major texts that engage with different kinds of place and landscape – from fields and forests to rivers and urban edgelands – and explore your own emergent interests in place-writing. You will be encouraged to consider your own work as part of a larger, ongoing literary conversation about place, and to explore those places and landscapes that interest and excite you. The module also contains an element of fieldwork, linking the act of physically walking through a landscape to the practice of reading and writing about it.
Core
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In your third year you will study at one of our international partner universities. This will help you to develop your global outlook, expand your professional network, and gain cultural and personal skills. It is also an opportunity to gain a different perspective on your major subject through studying the subject in another country.
You will choose specialist modules relating to your degree and also have the opportunity to study other modules from across the host university.
Places at overseas partners vary each year and have historically included Australia, USA, Canada, Europe and Asia.
During your degree you’ll spend a year as a registered student at one of our approved partner universities in North America, Asia, Australia, New Zealand or Europe.
Core
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This year-long module forms the core Creative Writing offering in your final year, and allows you to write in any literary genre. You will be encouraged to draw on the other creative writing modules you are taking and to explore new areas of creative work as you develop your portfolio. Throughout, you will be supported by feedback from both your tutor and fellow students.
Optional
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At the heart of this module is a regular writers' workshop, to which you regularly submit your own creative work to be read and helpfully discussed by your tutor and your peers. The nature of this creative work will be generated by you, following your own interests and artistic concerns.
This module is for students who wish to continue working in a mixed form group and for students working on hybrid projects. Projects might be formed of a hybrid portfolio (prose/poetry/script), they might be creative-critical, or might engage with multi-modal forms such as the graphic-novel, collage essays, etc.
Students will be expected to read widely and discuss their current reading during workshops. Relevant authors, writers and theorists will be recommended by the tutor throughout the year.
At the heart of this module is a regular writers' workshop, to which you regularly submit your own creative work to be read and helpfully discussed by your tutor and your peers. The nature of this creative work will be generated by you, following your own interests and artistic concerns.
This module is for students who wish to devise, plan and execute a poetry-based creative project with formative support from their tutor and peers. This might include any verse form or any hybrid form in which verse dominates, etc.
Students will be expected to read widely and discuss their current reading during workshops. Relevant authors, writers and theorists will be recommended by the tutor throughout the year.
At the heart of this module is a regular writers' workshop, to which you regularly submit your own creative work to be read and helpfully discussed by your tutor and your peers. The nature of this creative work will be generated by you, following your own interests and artistic concerns.
This module is for students who wish to devise, plan and execute a prose-based creative project with formative support from their tutor and peers. This might include short stories, a novel or novella (for adults or young people), memoir, narrative non-fiction, the personal essay, flash fiction etc.
Students will be expected to read widely and discuss their current reading during workshops. Relevant authors, writers and theorists will be recommended by the tutor throughout the year.
At the heart of this module is a regular writers' workshop, to which you regularly submit your own creative work to be read and helpfully discussed by your tutor and your peers. The nature of this creative work will be generated by you, following your own interests and artistic concerns.
This module is for students who wish to devise, plan and execute a script-based creative project with formative support from their tutor and peers. This might include audio drama, stage plays or screenplays, etc.
Students will be expected to read widely and discuss their current reading during workshops. Relevant authors, writers and theorists will be recommended by the tutor throughout the year.
This module develops the key techniques studied in the second-year module, ‘Short Fiction: Genre and Practice.’ It explores endings that use misdirection and ‘the reveal,’ as well various forms/genres of short stories, such as flash fiction, the ghost story, and rewriting fairy tales. As we go, we will be discussing several contemporary short stories, experimenting through writing exercises, and workshopping student drafts. You will thus develop a portfolio of your own original short stories, which is accompanied by a critical reflection on your use of form and technique. The module ends with tips on sending work for publication.
The module seeks to provide a closer look at selected aspects of language structure and how they are analysed within various theoretical frameworks. It aims to develop a critical awareness of theoretical constructs and the extent to which they influence not only analyses but also the choice of data to be analysed. Students will also be taught to evaluate the appropriateness of specific analyses for individual languages or facets of language. By the end of the module, you should have a good knowledge of the basic principles, notions and structures of Cognitive Linguistics, particularly of Cognitive Grammar.
In addition, you should develop:
the competence to analyse linguistic (corpus) data in terms of these theoretical constructs;
an appreciation of the sense in which Cognitive Linguistics is grounded in cognitive psychology, and how this is different from formalist frameworks such as Generative Grammar and its derivatives.
This module focuses on the contemporary field of English Language Studies. In particular, it will look at corpus linguistics - a research specialism at Lancaster University - and its application to areas such as the description of English grammar.
The module's programme of lectures will begin with a detailed introduction to the method before moving on, later in the term, to discuss the applications and implications of the method. Meanwhile, lab-based seminars will allow students to acquire and exercise practical skills with the computational tools (such as concordance software) required by the area of study.
This module will explore the writing of reviews, essays, and cultural reflection, through the development, in a workshop environment, of your own work, combined with directed reading of a selection of contemporary work. The terms ‘essays’ and ‘reviews’ will be interpreted broadly; you will, then, study the essay as a form that has evolved over the last four hundred years as a commentary on human existence, at both the deepest and most trivial level; and you will study the review as a form which, at its best, sets its subject in a cultural and personal context.
We will start with taught sessions covering the planning and designing of research in Linguistics and English language. We will cover topics including identifying and accessing relevant literature; formulating answerable research questions; working with data; and ethics and responsibilities in research. This is assessed through a short dissertation proposal. You will then carry out the research project planned in your proposal, working independently but with guidance from a supervisor. This culminates in the second assessment which is your written dissertation.
This module will introduce students to the oldest genre of writing there is: tragedy. We will explore the theory and philosophy which have informed it, and the history of its development through time, with a strong emphasis on Western culture across a wide range of traditions, concerns, and themes. This module aims to help you see just how many choices are available to the writer approaching tragedy. Each week, we will discuss the set texts and respond creatively to them. This format will enable you to reflect on, and adapt, the choices made in the set texts to create tragedies of your own which are innovative and informed, while also giving you a better critical understanding of the field.
The module will cover the two main sub-areas of the field, i.e. forensic phonetics and forensic linguistics more generally. Following a general introduction on the nature and history of forensic linguistics, lectures will focus on the two main questions forensic linguists concern themselves with: what does a text say, and who is (are) its author(s)? The issues of trademarks and lie detection do not fit into either of these, but will be covered as well. All aspects of the field will be illustrated with reference to specific (court) cases, which will also help shed light on the evolving status of forensic linguistic evidence in courts of law.
This module is about sociolinguistics, and in particular about how language relates to identities at different levels. This includes how individuals use language to signal their membership of particular social groups, and how different kinds of social groupings, such as peer groups, communities and nations, identify themselves through language.
The module will focus on three important areas of variation in language within society: gender, ethnicity and class. It will discuss the key research in each of these. Both theoretical and applied aspects of topics will be covered. The notion of ‘Identity’ provides the course with a unifying theme.
This module aims to broaden and deepen your capacity for language analysis applied to real social issues and problems and to encourage you to evaluate research critically and undertake your own data collection and analysis.
This module investigates how English varies at any given time and how it changes over time. It introduces you to the (socio)linguistic dimensions along which the language can vary and to the (extra)linguistic processes accounting for the ways in which it has changed. Attention is paid: to all domains of English, ranging from its sounds and structures to its usage; to the methods used by linguists to study variation and change in the language; and in particular to the close relationship between linguistic variation and change. The module covers key theoretical research in the field but also encourages you, especially in the seminars, to undertake your own data collection and to critically apply models and concepts presented in the lectures.
The module combines classic philosophical approaches with recent state-of-the-art experimental evidence to address a central topic in modern cognitive science: Does the language we speak affect the way we think? And as a result, do speakers with different cultural and linguistic backgrounds think differently? These questions form the core of the so-called linguistic relativity hypothesis, which will be the focus of this module. The module begins by laying down the foundation of the cognitive mechanisms underpinning the interaction between language and thought, such as working memory, semantic memory, and the structure and nature of meaning representations in the brain. The module then examines in detail the different ways in which language may affect thinking and give rise to cross-cultural and cross-linguistic differences between different populations, different individuals, and during first and second language development. Throughout, emphasis will be given to the different experimental methods used and the kinds of evidence that can inform our understanding of the linguistic relativity hypothesis.
In this module you will examine, through both set reading and writing prompts, the unique features of long fiction. Through tutor presentations and discussion of set texts, the workshopping of creative writing in progress, and the writing of synopses and other planning documents, you will develop competence in approaching a long fiction project. You will thus learn to: find strategies for planning and structuring; choose point of view and tense; develop plot; work with setting; address themes and characterisation; experiment with form; and write an ending. You may work in any adult genre you wish, but we will focus on literary, historical and science fiction, as well as both speculative and crime genres
This module aims to challenge received structures of poetic language through a close reading of poets who opened up new frontiers of 20th/21st century literature through their approaches to language. In each seminar, there will first be a close reading of work by a published poet, from Alice Oswald to Ezra Pound, looking at how they stretch or break the lyric formula; and then your own poetic experiments are workshopped.
In week two, there is a basic introduction to Ludwig Wittgenstein's famous theory of language games, with each subsequent poet examined in the light of how they try to break the rules of the game. Your own experiments will be very much encouraged, as either continuations of the radical departures first implemented by the poets in question, or your own attempts to break from comfortable notions of confessional or lyric poetry.
Psycholinguistics is the study of the psychology of language, which is one of the abilities that makes humans unique. It can cover topics in social psychology, developmental psychology, cognitive psychology and neuropsychology. The exact topics we cover vary each year depending on who is teaching on the module, but we aim to balance these areas and include topics on how children learn language and to read, how language is used in social interaction, how adults process sounds, words and sentences, and what happens when children fail to learn language normally or when adults suffer from brain damage.
This module will provide students with an opportunity to work as classroom volunteers in primary or secondary schools over the course of one term.
This module investigates some of the theoretical aspects to speech production and sound structure across the World's languages. We will spend time discussing and evaluating different frameworks for modelling phonetics and phonology, for example generative and usage-based approaches. Then, we will examine some case-study areas which challenge existing theories, for example intonational phonology and the study of historical sound change. This module aims to contribute to questions such as 'How are groups of sounds structured so that we can understand language?' or 'How are sounds stored and processed in the mind?'
This module enables you to write drama for radio, developing your own scriptwriting style and gaining an awareness of the professional requirements of the genre. We will study exemplar radio dramas and use them to contextualise the creative choices in your own work whilst also exploring the effects of different structural and stylistic approaches. For the purposes of concision, 'radio' in this context also refers to other formats for audio drama such as podcasts.
Peer and tutor feedback will guide the development of your creative portfolio as you work towards a single radio drama script. Reflective practice will help you to master the art of redrafting and editing and you will pen a short essay placing your experience of this in the context of radio drama.
Resources for this module includes the wonderful Box of Broadcasts, just one of the many electronic archives to which the you will have free access via the University Library.
What are the constraints and opportunities of writing for children and young adults? By reading, analysing, and responding creatively to a range of texts, you will become more familiar with: contemporary practitioners of writing for young people; the expectations of the audience; and the opportunities for innovation.
The module begins with picture-books, and concludes with young adult novels. You will come to appreciate the complexities of writing fiction for young people, exploring everything from the constraints of paper engineering to the opportunities of a multi-modal narrative in picture books; and from the constraints of coming-of-age tropes to the opportunities for fresh, inventive language in YA fiction.
You will be asked to engage in a close reading of the texts studied and to respond creatively to them.
This module will introduce students to writing for games of all kinds, both digital and pen-and-paper. We will explore the basic principles of collaborative narrative experience as we seek to engage both critically and creatively with this new and extremely popular branch of contemporary writing. text currently is as follows could you kindly adapt new text please The weekly workshops are currently supplemented by a weekly, evening Games Study Night in the University Library to explore existing games, play-test your own, and enjoy the Library’s rich collection of board games.
This module enables you to both explore and learn to write graphic novels, including digital forms such as web comics.
You will investigate the graphic novel from the point of view of the writer, looking at the very many considerations required to create stories for this specific medium. Particular attention will be paid to writing a script for a graphic novel, and how words work with both images and the space(s) of the page. Through regular workshops, you will be introduced to a wide array of genres, which could include:
the realism of Craig Thompson
the space opera of Brian K. Vaughan
the investigative journalism of Joe Sacco
the surreal horror of Emily Carroll
the queer science fiction of Tillie Walden
You will also encounter works such as those by Alison Bechdel, Daria Bogdanska, Maia Kobabe, and Una and Mariko Tamaki.
We employ diverse assessment methods designed to develop your skills further; so, for example, this could include a graphic-novel script, and/or a short critical reflection
This module will build on the second-year module ‘Writing Poetry,’ thus deepening your engagement with both writing and reading process. We will explore poetic form through a wide-ranging selection of poems, and consider form as a tradition that has been questioned, adapted, subverted, upcycled, reaffirmed. We will focus, in particular, on forms regularly employed or reimagined in the twentieth century and more recently.
Fees and funding
Our annual tuition fee is set for a 12-month session, starting in the October of your year of study.
We set our fees on an annual basis and the 2025/26 home undergraduate
entry fees have not yet been set.
You will be able to borrow many books free of charge from the university library, however most students prefer to buy their own copies of at least some of the texts. Costs vary depending on whether these are bought new or second hand.
There may be extra costs related to your course for items such as books, stationery, printing, photocopying, binding and general subsistence on trips and visits. Following graduation, you may need to pay a subscription to a professional body for some chosen careers.
Specific additional costs for studying at Lancaster are listed below.
College fees
Lancaster is proud to be one of only a handful of UK universities to have a collegiate system. Every student belongs to a college, and all students pay a small college membership fee which supports the running of college events and activities. Students on some distance-learning courses are not liable to pay a college fee.
For students starting in 2025, the fee is £40 for undergraduates and research students and £15 for students on one-year courses.
Computer equipment and internet access
To support your studies, you will also require access to a computer, along with reliable internet access. You will be able to access a range of software and services from a Windows, Mac, Chromebook or Linux device. For certain degree programmes, you may need a specific device, or we may provide you with a laptop and appropriate software - details of which will be available on relevant programme pages. A dedicated IT support helpdesk is available in the event of any problems.
The University provides limited financial support to assist students who do not have the required IT equipment or broadband support in place.
Study abroad courses
In addition to travel and accommodation costs, while you are studying abroad, you will need to have a passport and, depending on the country, there may be other costs such as travel documents (e.g. VISA or work permit) and any tests and vaccines that are required at the time of travel. Some countries may require proof of funds.
Placement and industry year courses
In addition to possible commuting costs during your placement, you may need to buy clothing that is suitable for your workplace and you may have accommodation costs. Depending on the employer and your job, you may have other costs such as copies of personal documents required by your employer for example.
The fee that you pay will depend on whether you are considered to be a home or international student. Read more about how we assign your fee status.
Home fees are subject to annual review, and may be liable to rise each year in line with UK government policy. International fees (including EU) are reviewed annually and are not fixed for the duration of your studies. Read more about fees in subsequent years.
We will charge tuition fees to Home undergraduate students on full-year study abroad/work placements in line with the maximum amounts permitted by the Department for Education. The current maximum levels are:
Students studying abroad for a year: 15% of the standard tuition fee
Students taking a work placement for a year: 20% of the standard tuition fee
International students on full-year study abroad/work placements will be charged the same percentages as the standard International fee.
Please note that the maximum levels chargeable in future years may be subject to changes in Government policy.
Scholarships and bursaries
You will be automatically considered for our main scholarships and bursaries when you apply, so there's nothing extra that you need to do.
You may be eligible for the following funding opportunities, depending on your fee status:
Unfortunately no scholarships and bursaries match your selection, but there are more listed on scholarships and bursaries page.
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We also have other, more specialised scholarships and bursaries - such as those for students from specific countries.
Download the course booklet to find out more about Lancaster University, how we teach Creative Writing and what you'll study as a Creative Writing student.
Download the course booklet to find out more about Lancaster University, how we teach Linguistics and English Language and what you'll study as a Linguistics and English Language student.
The information on this site relates primarily to 2025/2026 entry to the University and every effort has been taken to ensure the information is correct at the time of publication.
The University will use all reasonable effort to deliver the courses as described, but the University reserves the right to make changes to advertised courses. In exceptional circumstances that are beyond the University’s reasonable control (Force Majeure Events), we may need to amend the programmes and provision advertised. In this event, the University will take reasonable steps to minimise the disruption to your studies. If a course is withdrawn or if there are any fundamental changes to your course, we will give you reasonable notice and you will be entitled to request that you are considered for an alternative course or withdraw your application. You are advised to revisit our website for up-to-date course information before you submit your application.
More information on limits to the University’s liability can be found in our legal information.
Our Students’ Charter
We believe in the importance of a strong and productive partnership between our students and staff. In order to ensure your time at Lancaster is a positive experience we have worked with the Students’ Union to articulate this relationship and the standards to which the University and its students aspire. View our Charter and other policies.
Our historic city is student-friendly and home to a diverse and welcoming community. Beyond the city you'll find a stunning coastline and the picturesque Lake District.